This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Request Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Liu, K. Articles by Stamler, J. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Liu, K. Articles by Stamler, J.

Hypertension, Vol 1, 529-536, Copyright © 1979 by American Heart Association

ARTICLES

Can overnight urine replace 24-hour urine collection to asses salt intake?

K Liu, AR Dyer, RS Cooper, R Stamler and J Stamler

Are overnight urine specimens adequate for characterizing the daily salt intake of individuals, i.e., can the overnight specimen replace the 24-hour specimen? Data from 142 male participants of an ongoing trial on the primary prevention of hypertension were used to examine this question with correlation analysis and quantile classification. Estimated correlation between the true mean 24-hour and the true mean overnight sodium excretion was 0.72. Furthermore, 67% of the individuals in the upper third of the distribution of true mean overnight urine sodium were also in the upper third of the distribution of true mean 24-hour sodium. Thus, these data are promising in regard to the use of overnight urine specimens for characterizing the salt intake of individuals. The number of overnight urine collections required to estimate accurately the correlation between an individual's true mean overnight urine sodium and a variable of interest (e.g., blood pressure) was calculated. Given the observed intra- and inter- individual variation, the data indicate that 14 measurements are needed to limit the diminution of the correlation coefficient to 10%.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				I. J Brown, I. Tzoulaki, V. Candeias, and P. Elliott Salt intakes around the world: implications for public health Int. J. Epidemiol., June 1, 2009; 38(3): 791 - 813. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. M Loria, E. Obarzanek, and N. D. Ernst Choose and Prepare Foods with Less Salt: Dietary Advice for All Americans J. Nutr., February 1, 2001; 131(2): 536S - 551. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				C. Yamada, D. Oyunchimeg, A. Erdenbat, P. Enkhtuya, D. Buttumur, G. Naran, and T. Umenais Estimation of Salt Intake and Recommendation for lodine Content in Iodized Salt in Mongolia Asia Pac J Public Health, January 1, 2000; 12(1): 27 - 31. [Abstract] [PDF]

				R. Stamler, J. Stamler, F. C. Gosch, J. Civinelli, J. Fishman, P. McKeever, A. McDonald, and A. R. Dyer Primary Prevention of Hypertension by Nutritional-Hygienic Means: Final Report of a Randomized, Controlled Trial JAMA, October 6, 1989; 262(13): 1801 - 1807. [Abstract] [PDF]

				R. Stamler, J. Stamler, R. Grimm, F. C. Gosch, P. Elmer, A. Dyer, R. Berman, J. Fishman, N. Van Heel, J. Civinelli, et al. Nutritional Therapy for High Blood Pressure: Final Report of a Four-Year Randomized Controlled Trial-- The Hypertension Control Program JAMA, March 20, 1987; 257(11): 1484 - 1491. [Abstract] [PDF]

				J. H. LARAGH and M. S. PECKER Dietary Sodium and Essential Hypertension: Some Myths, Hopes, and Truths Ann Intern Med, May 1, 1983; 98(5_Part_2): 735 - 743. [Abstract] [PDF]

				F. C. Luft, R. S. Sloan, N. S. Fineberg, and A. H. Free The Utility of Overnight Urine Collections in Assessing Compliance With a Low Sodium Intake Diet JAMA, April 1, 1983; 249(13): 1764 - 1768. [Abstract] [PDF]

				N. M. Kaplan, M. Simmons, C. McPhee, A. Carnegie, C. Stefanu, and S. Cade Two Techniques to Improve Adherence to Dietary Sodium Restriction in the Treatment of Hypertension Arch Intern Med, September 1, 1982; 142(9): 1638 - 1641. [Abstract] [PDF]