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Hypertension, Vol 13, 440-448, Copyright © 1989 by American Heart Association

ARTICLES

Hyposecretion of atrial natriuretic factor by prehypertensive Dahl salt- sensitive rat

MO Onwochei and JP Rapp
Department of Medicine, Medical College of Ohio, Toledo 43699.

Studies were carried out to determine if the release of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) is altered in the inbred Dahl salt-sensitive (SS/Jr) rat. Isolated heart-lung preparations of prehypertensive young SS/Jr rats (6-8 weeks of age) and age-matched inbred Dahl salt- resistant (SR/Jr) rats were used. At this relatively young age the blood pressure difference between strains (SS/Jr, 108 +/- 3 mm Hg; SR/Jr, 103 +/- 2 mm Hg) was minor. ANF release was stimulated with preload-induced or afterload-induced atrial stretch. Increased preload produced increases in right and left atrial pressures that were equivalent between young SS/Jr and SR/Jr rats; increased afterload produced increases only in left atrial pressures, which again were equivalent for young rats of the two strains. At any preload-induced change in atrial pressure SS/Jr rat hearts released less ANF than those of SR/Jr rats. Similarly, at any afterload-induced increase in left atrial pressure, SS/Jr rat hearts released less ANF than those of SR/Jr rats. In contrast to the above results in young rats, the strain differences were dramatically reversed when older rats (5-6 months of age) were used; at this age SS/Jr rats were markedly hypertensive (SS/Jr, 211 +/- 8 mm Hg; SR/Jr 130 +/- 4 mm Hg). Hearts from adult hypertensive SS/Jr rats released more ANF than hearts from adult normotensive SR/Jr rats at any left atrial pressure as afterload was increased. This reversal of SS/Jr rats from hyposecreters to hypersecreters of ANF is probably a consequence of hypertension-induced changes such as cardiac hypertrophy and recruitment of the ventricles to produce ANF. It is concluded that the hyposecretion of ANF by prehypertensive SS/Jr rats may represent a genetic trait relevant to the pathogenesis of genetic hypertension and that this is obscured by adaptive changes in the heart as hypertension progresses.

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