Hypertension, Vol 13, 658-667, Copyright © 1989 by American Heart Association
PM Vanhoutte
The response of isolated blood vessels to a variety of vasoactive agonists
is modulated by the presence of endothelial cells. Indeed, these cells can
release both dilator and constrictor substances. The major
endothelium-derived relaxing factor may be nitric oxide, which activates
soluble guanylate cyclase in the smooth muscle, although the endothelial
cells also secrete an unidentified hyperpolarizing factor. Among the
natural stimuli for the release of endothelium-derived relaxing factors are
circulating hormones, platelet products, thrombin, shear stress, and
certain autacoids. Endothelium-derived relaxing factors may contribute to
the regulation of the release of atrial natriuretic factor and renin. The
endothelial cells can also release constricting factors; among the likely
candidates are superoxide anions or the peptide endothelin. In hypertensive
blood vessels, the ability to release endothelium-derived relaxing factors
but not endothelium- derived contracting factors is blunted.
ARTICLES
Endothelium and control of vascular function. State of the Art lecture
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905.
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Y. Higashi, T. Oshima, R. Ozono, H. Matsuura, and G. Kajiyama Aging and Severity of Hypertension Attenuate Endothelium-Dependent Renal Vascular Relaxation in Humans Hypertension, August 1, 1997; 30(2): 252 - 258. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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 S. Moncada, A. Higgs, and R. Furchgott XIV. International Union of Pharmacology Nomenclature in Nitric Oxide Research Pharmacol. Rev., June 1, 1997; 49(2): 137 - 142. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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Y. Higashi, T. Oshima, N. Sasaki, N. Ishioka, Y. Nakano, R. Ozono, M. Yoshimura, K. Ishibashi, H. Matsuura, and G. Kajiyama Relationship Between Insulin Resistance and Endothelium-Dependent Vascular Relaxation in Patients With Essential Hypertension Hypertension, January 1, 1997; 29(1): 280 - 285. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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H. Iwatsubo, M. Nagano, T. Sakai, K. Kumamoto, R. Morita, J. Higaki, T. Ogihara, and T. Hata Converting Enzyme Inhibitor Improves Forearm Reactive Hyperemia in Essential Hypertension Hypertension, January 1, 1997; 29(1): 286 - 290. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. E. Alfie, D. H. Sigmon, S. I. Pomposiello, and O. A. Carretero Effect of High Salt Intake in Mutant Mice Lacking Bradykinin-B2 Receptors Hypertension, January 1, 1997; 29(1): 483 - 487. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 Y.-W. Xie, W. Shen, G. Zhao, X. Xu, M. S. Wolin, and T. H. Hintze Role of Endothelium-Derived Nitric Oxide in the Modulation of Canine Myocardial Mitochondrial Respiration In Vitro: Implications for the Development of Heart Failure Circ. Res., September 1, 1996; 79(3): 381 - 387. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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W. Kiowski, L. Linder, R. Nuesch, and B. Martina Effects of Cilazapril on Vascular Structure and Function in Essential Hypertension Hypertension, March 1, 1996; 27(3): 371 - 376. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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Y. Higashi, T. Oshima, M. Watanabe, H. Matsuura, and G. Kajiyama Renal Response to L-Arginine in Salt-Sensitive Patients With Essential Hypertension Hypertension, March 1, 1996; 27(3): 643 - 648. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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Y. Hirata, H. Hayakawa, M. Kakoki, A. Tojo, E. Suzuki, K. Kimura, A. Goto, K. Kikuchi, T. Nagano, M. Hirobe, et al. Nitric Oxide Release From Kidneys of Hypertensive Rats Treated With Imidapril Hypertension, March 1, 1996; 27(3): 672 - 678. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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P. Madeddu, P. P. Parpaglia, V. Anania, N. Glorioso, C. Chao, C. Wang, and J. Chao Sexual Dimorphism of Cardiovascular Responses to Early Blockade of Bradykinin Receptors Hypertension, March 1, 1996; 27(3): 746 - 751. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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S. L. Pfister and W. B. Campbell Role of Endothelium-Derived Metabolites of Arachidonic Acid in Enhanced Pulmonary Artery Contractions in Female Rabbits Hypertension, January 1, 1996; 27(1): 43 - 48. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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W. Shen, T. H. Hintze, and M. S. Wolin Nitric Oxide : An Important Signaling Mechanism Between Vascular Endothelium and Parenchymal Cells in the Regulation of Oxygen Consumption Circulation, December 15, 1995; 92(12): 3505 - 3512. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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P. W. Domkowski, J. T. Cockerham, P. A. Kot, J. L. Myers, R. B. Wallace, and R. A. Hopkins THE ROLE OF N{{omega}}-NITRO-L-ARGININE IN MODULATION OF PULMONARY VASCULAR TONE IN THE MATURING NEWBORN PIG J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., November 1, 1995; 110(5): 1486 - 1492. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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L. Caputo, A. Tedgui, and B. I. Levy Control of Carotid Vasomotor Tone by Local Renin–Angiotensin System in Normotensive and Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats : Role of Endothelium and Flow Circ. Res., August 1, 1995; 77(2): 303 - 309. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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M. W. Chapleau, J. T. Cunningham, M. J. Sullivan, R. E. Wachtel, and F. M. Abboud Structural Versus Functional Modulation of the Arterial Baroreflex Hypertension, August 1, 1995; 26(2): 341 - 347. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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G. A. Zeballos, R. D. Bernstein, C. I. Thompson, P. R. Forfia, N. Seyedi, W. Shen, P. M. Kaminski, M. S. Wolin, and T. H. Hintze Pharmacodynamics of Plasma Nitrate/Nitrite as an Indication of Nitric Oxide Formation in Conscious Dogs Circulation, June 15, 1995; 91(12): 2982 - 2988. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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J. A. Berliner, M. Navab, A. M. Fogelman, J. S. Frank, L. L. Demer, P. A. Edwards, A. D. Watson, and A. J. Lusis Atherosclerosis: Basic Mechanisms : Oxidation, Inflammation, and Genetics Circulation, May 1, 1995; 91(9): 2488 - 2496. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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A. Koller and A. Huang Shear Stress–Induced Dilation Is Attenuated in Skeletal Muscle Arterioles of Hypertensive Rats Hypertension, April 1, 1995; 25(4): 758 - 763. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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Y. Hirata, H. Hayakawa, Y. Suzuki, E. Suzuki, H. Ikenouchi, O. Kohmoto, K. Kimura, K. Kitamura, T. Eto, K. Kangawa, et al. Mechanisms of Adrenomedullin-Induced Vasodilation in the Rat Kidney Hypertension, April 1, 1995; 25(4): 790 - 795. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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P. Madeddu, P. P. Parpaglia, M. P. Demontis, M. V. Varoni, M. C. Fattaccio, V. Anania, and N. Glorioso Effects of Kinin Blockade on the Blood Pressure of Salt-Loaded Pregnant Rats Hypertension, April 1, 1995; 25(4): 823 - 827. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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Y. Higashi, T. Oshima, R. Ozono, M. Watanabe, H. Matsuura, and G. Kajiyama Effects of L-Arginine Infusion on Renal Hemodynamics in Patients With Mild Essential Hypertension Hypertension, April 1, 1995; 25(4): 898 - 902. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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L. Li and C. van Breemen Na+-Ca2+ Exchange in Intact Endothelium of Rabbit Cardiac Valve Circ. Res., March 1, 1995; 76(3): 396 - 404. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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P. Madeddu, P. P. Parpaglia, M. P. Demontis, M. V. Varoni, M. C. Fattaccio, V. Anania, and N. Glorioso Early Blockade of Bradykinin B2-Receptors Alters the Adult Cardiovascular Phenotype in Rats Hypertension, March 1, 1995; 25(3): 453 - 459. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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Y. Hirata, H. Hayakawa, E. Suzuki, K. Kimura, K. Kikuchi, T. Nagano, M. Hirobe, and M. Omata Direct Measurements of Endothelium-Derived Nitric Oxide Release by Stimulation of Endothelin Receptors in Rat Kidney and Its Alteration in Salt-Induced Hypertension Circulation, February 15, 1995; 91(4): 1229 - 1235. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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