Hypertension, Vol 14, 36-43, Copyright © 1989 by American Heart Association
Z Ono, RL Prewitt and DL Stacy
Arteriolar internal and external diameters in the cremaster muscle of
two-kidney, one clip hypertensive rats (2K1C) were measured in vivo with
video microscopy, both before and after the topical application of
adenosine (10(-4) M). Arteriolar density was determined by stereologic
techniques. Mean arterial blood pressure was significantly elevated in the
2K1C rats, rising to 186 +/- 6 mm Hg by 8 weeks compared with 113 +/- 4 mm
Hg in controls. Lumens of larger arterioles showed a structural reduction
at 2 weeks of hypertension and remained at the same level through 8 weeks,
while arterioles of control rats showed a progressive increase in diameter
with age (101 +/- 6 microns in 2K1C vs. 158 +/- 8 microns in controls at 8
weeks after operation). Wall-to- lumen ratios of larger arterioles were
significantly increased at 2, 4, and 8 weeks of hypertension, but
cross-sectional wall area was significantly reduced at 8 weeks. Medial
hypertrophy was not evident at any stage of hypertension. Arteriolar
rarefaction of smaller arterioles was functional at 2 weeks and structural
at 8 weeks of hypertension. Vascular tone of the smaller arterioles was
elevated in the developing and chronic stages of hypertension. At 2 weeks
of hypertension when the structural reduction in diameters of larger
arterioles was progressing, the increased vasoconstriction and functional
rarefaction may have contributed to the elevated resistance. At 8 weeks,
the marked diameter reductions of larger arterioles (36% in first-order
arterioles and 25% in second-order arterioles) account for most of the
increased resistance to flow.
ARTICLES
Arteriolar changes in developing and chronic stages of two-kidney, one clip hypertension
Department of Physiology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk 23501.
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