Hypertension, Vol 14, 570-577, Copyright © 1989 by American Heart Association
J Stamler, G Rose, R Stamler, P Elliott, A Dyer and M Marmot
INTERSALT found a significant association between 24-hour urine sodium
excretion and systolic blood pressure in individuals. There was also a
significant association between sodium and slope (increase) of blood
pressure with age across population samples. The weight of evidence from
animal-experimental, clinical, intervention, and epidemiological data
favors a causal relation. INTERSALT data from 52 centers in 32 countries
permit an estimate of effect on average population blood pressure of lower
sodium intake. Based on the sodium-blood pressure association in
individuals, it was estimated that a habitual population sodium intake that
was lower by 100 mmol/day (e.g., 70 vs. 170 mmol/day) would correspond to
an average population systolic pressure that was lower by at least 2.2 mm
Hg. This size difference in systolic blood pressure in major US and UK
population studies is associated with 4% lower risk of coronary death and
6% lower risk of stroke death in middle age. If habitual diet is both lower
in sodium and higher in potassium with lower alcohol intake and less
obesity, INTERSALT data estimate average population systolic pressure would
be lower by 5 mm Hg. This was calculated to correspond to a 9% lower risk
of coronary death and a 14% lower risk of stroke death. INTERSALT
cross-population data also suggest that, with a 100 mmol/day lower sodium
intake over the life span, the average increase in population systolic
pressure from age 25 to 55 years would be less by 9 mm Hg, corresponding at
age 55 to a 16% lower risk of subsequent coronary death and 23% lower risk
of stroke death.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
ARTICLES
INTERSALT study findings. Public health and medical care implications
Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL 60611.
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