Hypertension, Vol 14, 598-603, Copyright © 1989 by American Heart Association
GA Harshfield, BS Alpert, ES Willey, GW Somes, JK Murphy and LM Dupaul
The purpose of this study was to examine ambulatory blood pressure and
heart rate patterns in healthy, normotensive adolescents and to determine
the influence of race and gender on these patterns. Ambulatory blood
pressure recordings were performed on 199 adolescents; 42 were black males,
55 were white males, 65 were black females, and 37 were white females. The
mean age (+/- SD) was 13 +/- 2 years. Blood pressure readings were obtained
with an automatic, noninvasive recorder. Black adolescents and white
adolescents had similar blood pressures while awake (116/69 vs. 116/69 mm
Hg), with boys having higher levels of systolic blood pressure (118 vs. 114
mm Hg) and comparable levels of diastolic blood pressure (69 vs. 69 mm Hg)
relative to girls. The patterns while the adolescents were asleep, however,
were different. White boys (106 mm Hg), white girls (105 mm Hg), and black
girls (105 mm Hg) had similar systolic blood pressures during sleep. Black
boys (112 mm Hg), however, had significantly higher systolic blood
pressures while asleep. Black adolescents, as a group, had significantly
higher diastolic blood pressures than white adolescents while asleep (64
vs. 61 mm Hg). Changes in blood pressure from awake to asleep were not
related to changes in heart rate. Results of this study indicate that both
race and gender are important determinants of the diurnal pattern of blood
pressure and heart rate in adolescents.
ARTICLES
Race and gender influence ambulatory blood pressure patterns of adolescents
LeBonheur Children's Medical Center, Memphis, Tennessee.
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