| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hypertension, Vol 16, 617-623, Copyright © 1990 by American Heart Association
S Julius, A Mejia, K Jones, L Krause, N Schork, C van de Ven, E Johnson, J Petrin, MA Sekkarie and SE Kjeldsen
During a survey of young subjects not receiving treatment for hypertension
in Tecumseh, Michigan, clinic and self-monitored blood pressures taken at
home (14 readings in 7 days) were obtained in 737 subjects (387 men, 350
women, average age 31.5 years). Hypertension in the clinic was diagnosed if
the clinic blood pressure exceeded 140 mm Hg systolic or 90 mm Hg
diastolic. In the absence of firm criteria for what constitutes
hypertension at home, subjects whose average home blood pressure was in the
upper decile of the whole population were considered to have hypertension
at home. By these criteria, 7.1% of the whole population had "white coat"
hypertension (i.e., high clinic but not elevated home readings). The
prevalence of "sustained" hypertension (i.e., high readings in the clinic
and at home) was 5.1%. Subjects with white coat and sustained borderline
hypertension in Tecumseh were very similar. Both groups showed, at previous
examinations (at ages 5, 8, 21, and 23 years), significantly higher blood
pressure readings than the normotensive subjects. As young adults (average
age 33.3 years), the parents of both hypertensive groups had significantly
higher blood pressure readings than the parents of normotensive subjects.
Both hypertensive groups had faster heart rates, higher systemic vascular
resistance, and higher minimal forearm vascular resistance. Both
hypertensive groups were more overweight, had higher plasma triglycerides,
insulin, and insulin/glucose ratios than normotensive subjects. The white
coat hypertensive group also had lower values of high density lipoprotein
than the normotensive group. White coat hypertension is a frequent
condition.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
ARTICLES
"White coat" versus "sustained" borderline hypertension in Tecumseh, Michigan
University of Michigan, Division of Hypertension, Ann Arbor.
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  C. K. Kramer, C. B. Leitao, L. H. Canani, and J. L. Gross Impact of White-Coat Hypertension on Microvascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetes Diabetes Care, December 1, 2008; 31(12): 2233 - 2237. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Howard, R. Prineas, C. Moy, M. Cushman, M. Kellum, E. Temple, A. Graham, and V. Howard Racial and Geographic Differences in Awareness, Treatment, and Control of Hypertension: The REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke Study Stroke, May 1, 2006; 37(5): 1171 - 1178. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Bursztyn Out-of-Office Blood Pressure Measurement: A New Era Hypertension, June 1, 2005; 45(6): 1070 - 1071. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. I. Chaudhry, H. M. Krumholz, and J. M. Foody Systolic Hypertension in Older Persons JAMA, September 1, 2004; 292(9): 1074 - 1080. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. N. Cohn, A. A. Quyyumi, N. K. Hollenberg, and K. A. Jamerson Surrogate Markers for Cardiovascular Disease: Functional Markers Circulation, June 29, 2004; 109(25_suppl_1): IV-31 - IV-46. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Lucini, G. S. Mela, A. Malliani, and M. Pagani Impairment in Cardiac Autonomic Regulation Preceding Arterial Hypertension in Humans: Insights From Spectral Analysis of Beat-by-Beat Cardiovascular Variability Circulation, November 19, 2002; 106(21): 2673 - 2679. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. R. Krakoff, T. Pickering, R. Phillips, A. M. Grandi, A. Venco, and M. Moser ABPM Is Valuable for the Management of Hypertension Arch Intern Med, July 8, 2002; 162(13): 1528 - 1530. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. A. Smith, L. N. Graham, A. F. Mackintosh, J. B. Stoker, and D. A. S. G. Mary Sympathetic neural mechanisms in white-coat hypertension J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., July 3, 2002; 40(1): 126 - 132. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Bjorklund, L. Lind, B. Vessby, B. Andren, and H. Lithell Different Metabolic Predictors of White-Coat and Sustained Hypertension Over a 20-Year Follow-Up Period: A Population-Based Study of Elderly Men Circulation, July 2, 2002; 106(1): 63 - 68. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Moser White-Coat Hypertension--To Treat or Not to Treat: A Clinical Dilemma Arch Intern Med, December 10, 2001; 161(22): 2655 - 2656. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. M. Grandi, R. Broggi, S. Colombo, R. Santillo, D. Imperiale, A. Bertolini, L. Guasti, and A. Venco Left Ventricular Changes in Isolated Office Hypertension: A Blood Pressure-Matched Comparison With Normotension and Sustained Hypertension Arch Intern Med, December 10, 2001; 161(22): 2677 - 2681. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. F. Lopes, L. A. Bortolotto, C. Szlejf, C. S. Kamitsuji, and E. M. Krieger Hemodynamic and Metabolic Profile in Offspring of Malignant Hypertensive Parents Hypertension, September 1, 2001; 38(3): 616 - 620. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Kario, K. Shimada, J. E. Schwartz, T. Matsuo, S. Hoshide, and T. G. Pickering Silent and clinically overt stroke in older Japanese subjects with white-coat and sustained hypertension J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., July 1, 2001; 38(1): 238 - 245. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Kario, T. G. Pickering, M. F. Muldoon, and S. B. Manuck White-Coat Hypertension or White-Coat Hypertension Syndrome: Which Is Accompanied by Target Organ Damage? Arch Intern Med, December 11, 2000; 160(22): 3497 - 3498. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Mancia White coat effect. Innocuous or adverse phenomenon? Eur. Heart J., October 2, 2000; 21(20): 1647 - 1648. [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T.E Strandberg and V Salomaa White coat effect, blood pressure and mortality in men: prospective cohort study Eur. Heart J., October 2, 2000; 21(20): 1714 - 1718. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. A Staessen, E. T O'Brien, L. Thijs, and R. H Fagard Modern approaches to blood pressure measurement Occup. Environ. Med., August 1, 2000; 57(8): 510 - 520. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. F. Muldoon, P. Nazzaro, K. Sutton-Tyrrell, and S. B. Manuck White-Coat Hypertension and Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis: A Matching Study Arch Intern Med, May 22, 2000; 160(10): 1507 - 1512. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C D A Goonasekera and M J Dillon Current topic: Measurement and interpretation of blood pressure Arch. Dis. Child., March 1, 2000; 82(3): 261 - 265. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Parati, L. Ulian, L. Sampieri, P. Palatini, A. Villani, A. Vanasia, and G. Mancia Attenuation of the "White-Coat Effect" by Antihypertensive Treatment and Regression of Target Organ Damage Hypertension, February 1, 2000; 35(2): 614 - 620. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Nordmann, B. Frach, T. Walker, B. Martina, and E. Battegay Reliability of patients measuring blood pressure at home: prospective observational study BMJ, October 30, 1999; 319(7218): 1172 - 1172. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Bellomo, P. L. Narducci, F. Rondoni, G. Pastorelli, G. Stangoni, G. Angeli, and P. Verdecchia Prognostic Value of 24-Hour Blood Pressure in Pregnancy JAMA, October 20, 1999; 282(15): 1447 - 1452. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. E. Liu, M. J. Roman, R. Pini, J. E. Schwartz, T. G. Pickering, and R. B. Devereux Cardiac and Arterial Target Organ Damage in Adults with Elevated Ambulatory and Normal Office Blood Pressure Ann Intern Med, October 19, 1999; 131(8): 564 - 572. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. B. MacDonald, G. P. Laing, M. P. Wilson, and T. W. Wilson Prevalence and predictors of white-coat response in patients with treated hypertension Can. Med. Assoc. J., August 1, 1999; 161(3): 265 - 269. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Nazzaro, M. Manzari, M. Merlo, R. Triggiani, A. Scarano, L. Ciancio, and A. Pirrelli Distinct and Combined Vascular Effects of ACE Blockade and HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibition in Hypertensive Subjects Hypertension, February 1, 1999; 33(2): 719 - 725. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. S. Khattar, R. Senior, and A. Lahiri Cardiovascular Outcome in White-Coat Versus Sustained Mild Hypertension : A 10-Year Follow-Up Study Circulation, November 3, 1998; 98(18): 1892 - 1897. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Mar, R. Pastor, R. Abasolo, and R. R. De Gauna Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring and Diagnostic Errors in Hypertension: A Bayesian Approach Med Decis Making, October 1, 1998; 18(4): 429 - 435. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. W Muscholl, H.-W Hense, U. Bröckel, A. Döring, G. A J Riegger, and H. Schunkert Changes in left ventricular structure and function in patients with white coat hypertension: cross sectional survey BMJ, August 29, 1998; 317(7158): 565 - 570. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Parati, L. Ulian, C. Santucciu, S. Omboni, and G. Mancia Difference Between Clinic and Daytime Blood Pressure Is Not a Measure of the White Coat Effect Hypertension, May 1, 1998; 31(5): 1185 - 1189. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Lantelme, H. Milon, C. Gharib, C. Gayet, and J.-O. Fortrat White Coat Effect and Reactivity to Stress : Cardiovascular and Autonomic Nervous System Responses Hypertension, April 1, 1998; 31(4): 1021 - 1029. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Thijs, J. A. Staessen, H. Celis, R. de Gaudemaris, Y. Imai, S. Julius, and R. Fagard Reference Values for Self-recorded Blood Pressure: A Meta-analysis of Summary Data Arch Intern Med, March 9, 1998; 158(5): 481 - 488. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. D. Pierdomenico, F. Costantini, A. Bucci, D. De Cesare, F. Cuccurullo, and A. Mezzetti Low-Density Lipoprotein Oxidation and Vitamins E and C in Sustained and White-Coat Hypertension Hypertension, February 1, 1998; 31(2): 621 - 626. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Palatini, P. Mormino, M. Santonastaso, L. Mos, M. Dal Follo, G. Zanata, and A. C. Pessina Target-Organ Damage in Stage I Hypertensive Subjects With White Coat and Sustained Hypertension: Results From the HARVEST Study Hypertension, January 1, 1998; 31(1): 57 - 63. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. A. Staessen, G. Byttebier, F. Buntinx, H. Celis, E. T. O'Brien, and R. Fagard Antihypertensive Treatment Based on Conventional or Ambulatory Blood Pressure Measurement: A Randomized Controlled Trial JAMA, October 1, 1997; 278(13): 1065 - 1072. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N.-C. Chang, Z.-Y. Lai, P. Chan, and T.-C. Wang Left Ventricular Filling Profiles in Young White-Coat Hypertensive Patients Without Hypertrophy Hypertension, September 1, 1997; 30(3): 746 - 752. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Mancia, A. Zanchetti, E. Agebiti-Rosei, G. Benemio, R. De Cesaris, R. Fogari, A. Pessino, C. Porcellati, A. Salvetti, and B. Trimarco Ambulatory Blood Pressure Is Superior to Clinic Blood Pressure in Predicting Treatment-Induced Regression of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Circulation, March 18, 1997; 95(6): 1464 - 1470. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Prasad and C. Isles Fortnightly Review: Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring: a guide for general practitioners BMJ, December 14, 1996; 313(7071): 1535 - 1541. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Mundal, S. E. Kjeldsen, L. Sandvik, G. Erikssen, E. Thaulow, and J. Erikssen Exercise Blood Pressure Predicts Mortality From Myocardial Infarction Hypertension, March 1, 1996; 27(3): 324 - 329. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. D. Pierdomenico, D. Lapenna, M. D. Guglielmi, T. Antidormi, C. Schiavone, F. Cuccurullo, and A. Mezzetti Target Organ Status and Serum Lipids in Patients With White Coat Hypertension Hypertension, November 1, 1995; 26(5): 801 - 807. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. C. Cavallini, M. J. Roman, T. G. Pickering, J. E. Schwartz, R. Pini, and R. B. Devereux Is White Coat Hypertension Associated With Arterial Disease or Left Ventricular Hypertrophy? Hypertension, September 1, 1995; 26(3): 413 - 419. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Moser Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring: Quality Assurance-Reply Arch Intern Med, March 13, 1995; 155(5): 549 - 549. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Can the Cost of Care Be Contained and Quality of Care Maintained in the Management of Hypertension? Arch Intern Med, August 8, 1994; 154(15): 1665 - 1672. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Julius Insulin, Insulin Resistance, and Blood Pressure Elevation Arch Intern Med, February 8, 1993; 153(3): 290 - 291. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. M. Kaplan The Appropriate Goals of Antihypertensive Therapy: Neither Too Much Nor Too Little Ann Intern Med, April 15, 1992; 116(8): 686 - 690. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|