Hypertension, Vol 18, 575-582, Copyright © 1991 by American Heart Association
IT Meredith, P Friberg, GL Jennings, EM Dewar, VA Fazio, GW Lambert and MD Esler
Endurance exercise training has previously been shown to reduce the plasma
concentration of norepinephrine. Whether reduction in sympathetic activity
is responsible for the blood pressure-lowering effects of exercise training
is unknown. Using a radiotracer technique, we measured resting total,
cardiac, and renal norepinephrine spillover to plasma in eight habitually
sedentary healthy normotensive men (aged 36 +/- 3 years, mean +/- SEM)
after 1 month of regular exercise and 1 month of sedentary activity,
performed in a randomized order. One month of bicycle exercise 3 times/wk
(40 minutes at 60-70% maximum work capacity) reduced resting blood pressure
by 8/5 mm Hg (p less than 0.01) and increased maximum oxygen consumption by
15% (p less than 0.05). The fall in blood pressure was attributable to a
12.1% increase in total peripheral conductance. Total norepinephrine
spillover to plasma was reduced by 24% from a mean of 438.8 ng/min (p less
than 0.05). Renal norepinephrine spillover fell by an average of 41% from
169.4 ng/min with bicycle training (p less than 0.05), accounting for the
majority (66%) of the fall in total norepinephrine spillover. Renal
vascular conductance was increased by 10% (p less than 0.05), but this
constituted only 18% of the increase in total peripheral conductance. There
was no change in cardiac norepinephrine spillover. The reduction in resting
sympathetic activity with regular endurance exercise is largely confined to
the kidney. The magnitude of the fall in renal vascular resistance,
however, is insufficient to directly account for the blood
pressure-lowering effect of exercise, although other effects of inhibition
of the renal sympathetic outflow may be important.
ARTICLES
Exercise training lowers resting renal but not cardiac sympathetic activity in humans
Alfred and Baker Medical Unit, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
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