Hypertension, Vol 21, 129-135, Copyright © 1993 by American Heart Association
AD Baron, G Brechtel-Hook, A Johnson and D Hardin
Insulin resistance has recently been found to be a common feature of
essential hypertension. We have tested the hypothesis that reduced skeletal
muscle blood flow in response to insulin may at least partially account for
the wide range of insulin sensitivity observed in normotensive subjects. To
this end, we studied 19 lean (body mass index < or = 27) subjects
exhibiting basal mean arterial pressures ranging from 58 to 110 mm Hg. All
subjects were normotensive with the exception of one. Each subject was
studied at baseline and during a hyperinsulinemic (600 milliunits/m2 per
minute) euglycemic clamp to quantitate insulin sensitivity. Mean arterial
pressure was monitored invasively, and both leg (muscle) blood flow and
cardiac output were measured by indicator dilution techniques, allowing the
determination of both systemic and leg (or muscle) vascular resistance. In
response to hyperinsulinemia, both cardiac output and leg blood flow
increased approximately 37% and 80% (p < 0.01), respectively. Rates of
insulin- mediated glucose uptake were inversely correlated with the
baseline mean arterial pressure (r = -0.62, p < 0.01). The individual
increment in leg blood flow above baseline in response to insulin was
inversely proportional to the height of the baseline mean arterial pressure
(r = - 0.59, p < 0.01). Mean arterial pressure and insulin-mediated
glucose uptake were not correlated with either age or body fat
content.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
ARTICLES
Skeletal muscle blood flow. A possible link between insulin resistance and blood pressure
Indiana University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Indianapolis 46202-5124.
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  P. M. Yamada and K.-W. Lee Perspectives in mammalian IGFBP-3 biology: local vs. systemic action Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, May 1, 2009; 296(5): C954 - C976. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Muniyappa, G. Hall, T. L Kolodziej, R. J Karne, S. K Crandon, and M. J Quon Cocoa consumption for 2 wk enhances insulin-mediated vasodilatation without improving blood pressure or insulin resistance in essential hypertension Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, December 1, 2008; 88(6): 1685 - 1696. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Q. Fu, W. Vongpatanasin, and B. D. Levine Neural and Nonneural Mechanisms for Sex Differences in Elderly Hypertension: Can Exercise Training Help? Hypertension, November 1, 2008; 52(5): 787 - 794. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. E. Johansson, I. J. Andersson, C. Alexanderson, O. Skott, A. Holmang, and G. Bergstrom Hyperinsulinemic rats are normotensive but sensitized to angiotensin II Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, April 1, 2008; 294(4): R1240 - R1247. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Muniyappa, M. Montagnani, K. K. Koh, and M. J. Quon Cardiovascular Actions of Insulin Endocr. Rev., August 1, 2007; 28(5): 463 - 491. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. A. Beckman, A. B. Goldfine, A. Dunaif, M. Gerhard-Herman, and M. A. Creager Endothelial Function Varies According to Insulin Resistance Disease Type Diabetes Care, May 1, 2007; 30(5): 1226 - 1232. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. A. Vincent, L. H. Clerk, J. R. Lindner, W. J. Price, L. A. Jahn, H. Leong-Poi, and E. J. Barrett Mixed meal and light exercise each recruit muscle capillaries in healthy humans Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, June 1, 2006; 290(6): E1191 - E1197. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Z. Liu, W. Long, D. A. Fryburg, and E. J. Barrett The Regulation of Body and Skeletal Muscle Protein Metabolism by Hormones and Amino Acids J. Nutr., January 1, 2006; 136(1): 212S - 217S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. F. Mitchell, J. A. Vita, M. G. Larson, H. Parise, M. J. Keyes, E. Warner, R. S. Vasan, D. Levy, and E. J. Benjamin Cross-Sectional Relations of Peripheral Microvascular Function, Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors, and Aortic Stiffness: The Framingham Heart Study Circulation, December 13, 2005; 112(24): 3722 - 3728. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Li, E. J. Barrett, H. Wang, W. Chai, and Z. Liu Insulin at Physiological Concentrations Selectively Activates Insulin But Not Insulin-Like Growth Factor I (IGF-I) or Insulin/IGF-I Hybrid Receptors in Endothelial Cells Endocrinology, November 1, 2005; 146(11): 4690 - 4696. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 V. A. F. Bisquolo, C. G. Cardoso Jr., K. C. Ortega, J. L. Gusmao, T. Tinucci, C. E. Negrao, B. L. Wajchenberg, D. Mion Jr, and C. L. M. Forjaz Previous exercise attenuates muscle sympathetic activity and increases blood flow during acute euglycemic hyperinsulinemia J Appl Physiol, March 1, 2005; 98(3): 866 - 871. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Rheaume, P.-H. Waib, N'G. Kouame, A. Nadeau, Y. Lacourciere, D. R. Joanisse, J.-A. Simoneau, and J. Cleroux Effects of Intense and Prolonged Exercise on Insulin Sensitivity and Glycogen Metabolism in Hypertensive Subjects Circulation, November 25, 2003; 108(21): 2653 - 2659. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Takagi, Y. Tanaka, Y. Yamasaki, M. Yamamoto, M. Hori, T. Nakaniwa, M. Niwa, H. Uchino, Y. Tamura, T. Nomiyama, et al. Responsiveness of insulin-induced cardiac sympathetic nerve activation associates with blood pressure regulation in diabetics Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, May 1, 2003; 284(5): E1022 - E1026. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. H. Golden, N.-Y. Wang, M. J. Klag, L. A. Meoni, and F. L. Brancati Blood Pressure in Young Adulthood and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Middle Age Diabetes Care, April 1, 2003; 26(4): 1110 - 1115. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. G. Clark, M. G. Wallis, E. J. Barrett, M. A. Vincent, S. M. Richards, L. H. Clerk, and S. Rattigan Blood flow and muscle metabolism: a focus on insulin action Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, February 1, 2003; 284(2): E241 - E258. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Ogihara, T. Asano, K. Ando, Y. Chiba, H. Sakoda, M. Anai, N. Shojima, H. Ono, Y. Onishi, M. Fujishiro, et al. Angiotensin II-Induced Insulin Resistance Is Associated With Enhanced Insulin Signaling Hypertension, December 1, 2002; 40(6): 872 - 879. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Rheaume, P. H. Waib, Y. Lacourciere, A. Nadeau, and J. Cleroux Effects of Mild Exercise on Insulin Sensitivity in Hypertensive Subjects Hypertension, May 1, 2002; 39(5): 989 - 995. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M.A. Vincent, D. Dawson, A.D.H. Clark, J.R. Lindner, S. Rattigan, M.G. Clark, and E.J. Barrett Skeletal Muscle Microvascular Recruitment by Physiological Hyperinsulinemia Precedes Increases in Total Blood Flow Diabetes, January 1, 2002; 51(1): 42 - 48. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Shinozaki, A. Hirayama, Y. Nishio, Y. Yoshida, T. Ohtani, T. Okamura, M. Masada, R. Kikkawa, K. Kodama, and A. Kashiwagi Coronary endothelial dysfunction in the insulin-resistant state is linked to abnormal pteridine metabolism and vascular oxidative stress J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., December 1, 2001; 38(7): 1821 - 1828. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W A Parsonage, D Hetmanski, and A J Cowley Beneficial haemodynamic effects of insulin in chronic heart failure Heart, May 1, 2001; 85(5): 508 - 513. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. H. Xiang, S. P. Azen, L. J. Raffel, S. Tan, L. S.-C. Cheng, J. Diaz, E. Toscano, P. C. Henderson, H. N. Hodis, W. A. Hsueh, et al. Evidence for Joint Genetic Control of Insulin Sensitivity and Systolic Blood Pressure in Hispanic Families With a Hypertensive Proband Circulation, January 2, 2001; 103(1): 78 - 83. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. Perticone, R. Ceravolo, S. Iacopino, C. Cloro, G. Ventura, R. Maio, E. Gulletta, N. Perrotti, and P. L. Mattioli Relationship between Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Gene Polymorphism and Insulin Resistance in Never-Treated Hypertensive Patients J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., January 1, 2001; 86(1): 172 - 178. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Perticone, R. Ceravolo, M. Candigliota, G. Ventura, S. Iacopino, F. Sinopoli, and P. L. Mattioli Obesity and Body Fat Distribution Induce Endothelial Dysfunction by Oxidative Stress: Protective Effect of Vitamin C Diabetes, January 1, 2001; 50(1): 159 - 165. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Shinozaki, Y. Nishio, T. Okamura, Y. Yoshida, H. Maegawa, H. Kojima, M. Masada, N. Toda, R. Kikkawa, and A. Kashiwagi Oral Administration of Tetrahydrobiopterin Prevents Endothelial Dysfunction and Vascular Oxidative Stress in the Aortas of Insulin-Resistant Rats Circ. Res., September 29, 2000; 87(7): 566 - 573. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Santure, M. Pitre, N. Gaudreault, A. Marette, A. Nadeau, and H. Bachelard Effect of metformin on the vascular and glucose metabolic actions of insulin in hypertensive rats Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, May 1, 2000; 278(5): G682 - G692. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 O.-P. Pitkanen, H. Laine, J. Kemppainen, E. Eronen, A. Alanen, M. Raitakari, O. Kirvela, U. Ruotsalainen, J. Knuuti, V. A Koivisto, et al. Sodium nitroprusside increases human skeletal muscle blood flow, but does not change flow distribution or glucose uptake J. Physiol., December 15, 1999; 521(3): 729 - 737. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. Richey, M. Ader, D. Moore, and R. N. Bergman Angiotensin II induces insulin resistance independent of changes in interstitial insulin Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, November 1, 1999; 277(5): E920 - E926. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Falkner, K. Sherif, A. E. Sumner, and H. Kushner Blood Pressure Increase With Impaired Glucose Tolerance in Young Adult American Blacks Hypertension, November 1, 1999; 34(5): 1086 - 1090. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Kawagishi, M. Matsuyoshi, M. Emoto, H. Taniwaki, H. Kanda, Y. Okuno, M. Inaba, E. Ishimura, Y. Nishizawa, and H. Morii Impaired Endothelium-Dependent Vascular Responses of Retinal and Intrarenal Arteries in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, October 1, 1999; 19(10): 2509 - 2516. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. L. M. Forjaz, P. R. Ramires, T. Tinucci, K. C. Ortega, H. E. H. Salomao, E. C. Ignes, B. L. Wajchenberg, C. E. Negrao, and D. Mion Jr Postexercise responses of muscle sympathetic nerve activity and blood flow to hyperinsulinemia in humans J Appl Physiol, August 1, 1999; 87(2): 824 - 829. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Gaudreault, M. Santure, A. Nadeau, and H. Bachelard Isradipine and insulin sensitivity in hypertensive rats Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, June 1, 1999; 276(6): E1038 - E1048. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Feneberg, M. Sparber, J. D. Veldhuis, O. Mehls, E. Ritz, and F. Schaefer Synchronous Fluctuations of Blood Insulin and Lactate Concentrations in Humans J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., January 1, 1999; 84(1): 220 - 227. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Goodfellow, M. F Bellamy, S. T Gorman, M. Brownlee, M. W Ramsey, M. J Lewis, D. P Davies, and A. H Henderson Endothelial function is impaired in fit young adults of low birth weight Cardiovasc Res, December 1, 1998; 40(3): 600 - 606. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Fossum, A. Hoieggen, A. Moan, M. Rostrup, G. Nordby, and S. E. Kjeldsen Relationship Between Insulin Sensitivity and Maximal Forearm Blood Flow in Young Men Hypertension, November 1, 1998; 32(5): 838 - 843. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Pendergrass, E. Fazioni, D. Collins, and R. A. DeFronzo IGF-I increases forearm blood flow without increasing forearm glucose uptake Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, August 1, 1998; 275(2): E345 - E350. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. M. Abdelbaky, G. B. Brock, and H. Huynh Improvement of Erectile Function in Diabetic Rats by Insulin: Possible Role of the Insulin-Like Growth Factor System Endocrinology, July 1, 1998; 139(7): 3143 - 3147. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Laine, M. J. Knuuti, U. Ruotsalainen, T. Utriainen, V. Oikonen, M. Raitakari, M. Luotolahti, O. Kirvela, P. Vicini, C. Cobelli, et al. Preserved Relative Dispersion but Blunted Stimulation of Mean Flow, Absolute Dispersion, and Blood Volume by Insulin in Skeletal Muscle of Patients With Essential Hypertension Circulation, June 2, 1998; 97(21): 2146 - 2153. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Muscelli, M. Emdin, A. Natali, L. Pratali, S. Camastra, A. Gastaldelli, S. Baldi, C. Carpeggiani, and E. Ferrannini Autonomic and Hemodynamic Responses to Insulin in Lean and Obese Humans J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 1998; 83(6): 2084 - 2090. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Mäkimattila, M. Mäntysaari, A. Schlenzka, and P. S. H. Yki-Järvinen Mechanisms of Altered Hemodynamic and Metabolic Responses to Insulin in Patients with Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus and Autonomic Dysfunction J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 1998; 83(2): 468 - 475. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Turinsky, A. Damrau-Abney, and D. J. Loegering Blood flow and glucose uptake in denervated, insulin-resistant muscles Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, February 1, 1998; 274(2): R311 - R317. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Natali, A. Q. Galvan, N. Pecori, G. Sanna, E. Toschi, and E. Ferrannini Vasodilation With Sodium Nitroprusside Does Not Improve Insulin Action in Essential Hypertension Hypertension, February 1, 1998; 31(2): 632 - 636. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
U. Scherrer and C. Sartori Insulin as a Vascular and Sympathoexcitatory Hormone : Implications for Blood Pressure Regulation, Insulin Sensitivity, and Cardiovascular Morbidity Circulation, December 2, 1997; 96(11): 4104 - 4113. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. P. Donahue, J. A. Bean, R. D. Donahue, R. B. Goldberg, and R. J. Prineas Does Insulin Resistance Unite the Separate Components of the Insulin Resistance Syndrome? : Evidence From the Miami Community Health Study Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, November 1, 1997; 17(11): 2413 - 2417. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Ferrannini, A. Natali, B. Capaldo, M. Lehtovirta, S. Jacob, and H Yki-Jarvinen Insulin Resistance, Hyperinsulinemia, and Blood Pressure : Role of Age and Obesity Hypertension, November 1, 1997; 30(5): 1144 - 1149. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Barbagallo, R. K. Gupta, O. Bardicef, M. Bardicef, and L. M. Resnick Altered Ionic Effects of Insulin in Hypertension: Role of Basal Ion Levels in Determining Cellular Responsiveness J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 1997; 82(6): 1761 - 1765. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. R. Sowers Insulin and Insulin-Like Growth Factor in Normal and Pathological Cardiovascular Physiology Hypertension, March 1, 1997; 29(3): 691 - 699. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Escriva, M. Agote, E. Rubio, J. C. Molero, A. M. Pascual-Leone, A. Andres, J. Satrustegui, and J. M. Carrascosa In Vivo Insulin-Dependent Glucose Uptake of Specific Tissues Is Decreased during Aging of Mature Wistar Rats Endocrinology, January 1, 1997; 138(1): 49 - 54. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Erlich and T. Rosenthal Contribution of Nitric Oxide to the Beneficial Effects of Enalapril in the Fructose-Induced Hyperinsulinemic Rat Hypertension, November 1, 1996; 28(5): 754 - 757. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Biston, E. Van Cauter, G. Ofek, P. Linkowski, K. S. Polonsky, and J.-P. Degaute Diurnal Variations in Cardiovascular Function and Glucose Regulation in Normotensive Humans Hypertension, November 1, 1996; 28(5): 863 - 871. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. J.J. Tack, J. A. Lutterman, G. Vervoort, T. Thien, and P. Smits Activation of the Sodium-Potassium Pump Contributes to Insulin-Induced Vasodilation in Humans Hypertension, September 1, 1996; 28(3): 426 - 432. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Lehto, L. Niskanen, M. Suhonen, T. Ronnemaa, and M. Laakso Medial Artery Calcification: A Neglected Harbinger of Cardiovascular Complications in Non–Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, August 1, 1996; 16(8): 978 - 983. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. K. McKay and R. L. Hester Role of Nitric Oxide, Adenosine, and ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channels in Insulin-Induced Vasodilation Hypertension, August 1, 1996; 28(2): 202 - 208. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Ikeda, T. Gomi, N. Hirawa, J. Sakurai, and N. Yoshikawa Improvement of Insulin Sensitivity Contributes to Blood Pressure Reduction After Weight Loss in Hypertensive Subjects With Obesity Hypertension, May 1, 1996; 27(5): 1180 - 1186. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. M. Egan, M. M.I. Hennes, K. T. Stepniakowski, I. M. O'Shaughnessy, A. H. Kissebah, and T. L. Goodfriend Obesity Hypertension Is Related More to Insulin's Fatty Acid Than Glucose Action Hypertension, March 1, 1996; 27(3): 723 - 728. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Panahloo, C. Andres, V. Mohamed-Ali, M. M. Gould, P. Talmud, S. E. Humphries, and J. S. Yudkin The Insertion Allele of the ACE Gene I/D Polymorphism : A Candidate Gene for Insulin Resistance? Circulation, December 15, 1995; 92(12): 3390 - 3393. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Navarro-Cid, R. Maeso, F. Perez-Vizcaino, V. Cachofeiro, L. M. Ruilope, J. Tamargo, and V. Lahera Effects of Losartan on Blood Pressure, Metabolic Alterations, and Vascular Reactivity in the Fructose-Induced Hypertensive Rat Hypertension, December 1, 1995; 26(6): 1074 - 1078. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Taddei, A. Virdis, P. Mattei, A. Natali, E. Ferrannini, and A. Salvetti Effect of Insulin on Acetylcholine-Induced Vasodilation in Normotensive Subjects and Patients With Essential Hypertension Circulation, November 15, 1995; 92(10): 2911 - 2918. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. M. O'Shaughnessy, T. J. Myers, K. Stepniakowski, P. Nazzaro, T. M. Kelly, R. G. Hoffmann, B. M. Egan, and A. H. Kissebah Glucose Metabolism in Abdominally Obese Hypertensive and Normotensive Subjects Hypertension, July 1, 1995; 26(1): 186 - 192. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. J. Grekin, A. P. Vollmer, and R. S. Sider Pressor Effects of Portal Venous Oleate Infusion : A Proposed Mechanism for Obesity Hypertension Hypertension, July 1, 1995; 26(1): 193 - 198. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. E. Hall, M. W. Brands, D. H. Zappe, W. N. Dixon, H. L. Mizelle, G. A. Reinhart, and D. A. Hildebrandt Hemodynamic and Renal Responses to Chronic Hyperinsulinemia in Obese, Insulin-Resistant Dogs Hypertension, May 1, 1995; 25(5): 994 - 1002. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
O. Kohlman Jr, F. de Assis Rocha Neves, M. Ginoza, A. Tavares, M. L. Cezaretti, M. T. Zanella, A. B. Ribeiro, I. Gavras, and H. Gavras Role of Bradykinin in Insulin Sensitivity and Blood Pressure Regulation During Hyperinsulinemia Hypertension, May 1, 1995; 25(5): 1003 - 1007. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Grover, C. Padginton, M. F. Wilson, B. H. Sung, J. L. Izzo Jr, and P. Dandona Insulin Attenuates Norepinephrine- Induced Venoconstriction : An Ultrasonographic Study Hypertension, April 1, 1995; 25(4): 779 - 784. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
U. L. Hulthen, T. Endre, I. Mattiasson, and G. Berglund Insulin and Forearm Vasodilation in Hypertension-Prone Men Hypertension, February 1, 1995; 25(2): 214 - 218. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|