Hypertension, Vol 22, 111-118, Copyright © 1993 by American Heart Association
J Gariepy, M Massonneau, J Levenson, D Heudes and A Simon
Little is known of the in vivo structural changes of large arteries in
uncomplicated hypertension. Therefore, we measured the intima-media
thickness and lumen diameter of common carotid and femoral arteries by a
computerized ultrasonographic technique in 25 normotensive and 25 never
treated hypertensive men of similar age (from 25 to 72 years). The
intraobserver variability of carotid and femoral wall thicknesses was 4.3%
and 5.6%, respectively. Moreover, an in vitro study of 13 human arterial
segments removed at autopsy demonstrated a strong correlation (r = .989, P
< .001) between computerized ultrasonic and histological intima-media
thickness measurements. Compared with control subjects, hypertensive
patients had similar arterial diameters but higher carotid and femoral
intima-media thicknesses (P < .001) as well as higher ratios of carotid
and femoral intima-media thickness to lumen (P < .001, P < .01). The
carotid thickness was correlated with age in control subjects (r = .48, P
< .05) but not in hypertensive patients. The femoral thickness was
correlated with age both in control subjects (r = .55, P < .01) and in
hypertensive patients (r = .46, P < .05). Thus, carotid and femoral
arterial walls of hypertensive patients were thickened. This thickening was
not due to age, although aging also thickened both vessels in control
subjects and the femoral artery only in hypertensive patients. Such a wall
thickening associated with a normal diameter provides direct evidence of
vascular growth and represents a new target to monitor noninvasively in
vivo for large artery changes in human hypertension.
ARTICLES
Evidence for in vivo carotid and femoral wall thickening in human hypertension. Groupe de Prevention Cardio-vasculaire en Medecine du Travail
Centre de Medecine Preventive Cardio-vasculaire, INSERM U 28, Paris, France.
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