Hypertension, Vol 22, 292-299, Copyright © 1993 by American Heart Association
JE Hall, MW Brands, WN Dixon and MJ Smith Jr
This study examined the control of renal hemodynamics and tubular function,
as well as systemic hemodynamics, during obesity-induced hypertension in
chronically instrumented conscious dogs. Mean arterial pressure, cardiac
output, and heart rate were monitored 24 hours a day using computerized
methods, water and electrolyte balances were measured daily, and renal
hemodynamics were measured each week during the control period and 5 weeks
of a high-fat diet. After 7 to 10 days of control measurements, 0.5 to 0.9
kg of cooked beef fat was added to the regular diet, and sodium intake was
maintained constant at 76 mmol/d throughout the study. After 5 weeks of the
high-fat diet, body weight increased from 24.0 +/- 1.0 to 35.9 +/- 4.9 kg,
mean arterial pressure increased from 83 +/- 5 to 100 +/- 4 mm Hg, cardiac
output increased from 2.86 +/- 0.27 to 4.45 +/- 0.55 L/min, and heart rate
rose from 68 +/- 5 to 107 +/- 9 beats per minute. Associated with the
hypertension was an increase in cumulative sodium balance to 507 +/- 107
mmol after 35 days and a rise in sodium iothalamate space, an index of
extracellular fluid volume, to 131 +/- 4% of control. Sodium retention was
due to increased tubular reabsorption, because glomerular filtration rate
and effective renal plasma flow increased throughout the 5 weeks of the
high-fat diet, averaging 135 +/- 4% and 149 +/- 19% of control,
respectively, during the fifth week of the high-fat diet.(ABSTRACT
TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
ARTICLES
Obesity-induced hypertension. Renal function and systemic hemodynamics
University of Mississippi Medical Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Jackson 39216-4505.
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