Hypertension, Vol 23, 485-490, Copyright © 1994 by American Heart Association
S Taddei, P Mattei, A Virdis, I Sudano, L Ghiadoni and A Salvetti
Patients with essential hypertension show impaired endothelium- dependent
vasodilation induced by acetylcholine. Because dietary potassium
supplementation increases endothelium-dependent relaxations to
acetylcholine in hypertensive rats, we designed the present study to
investigate whether potassium increases endothelium-dependent vasodilation
in essential hypertensive patients. Therefore, in patients with essential
hypertension (n = 13) and in normotensive control subjects (n = 13) we
evaluated the effect of intrabrachial potassium chloride (0.2 mmol/min) on
forearm blood flow (strain-gauge plethysmography) modifications induced by
intrabrachial acetylcholine (0.15, 0.45, 1.5, 4.5, and 15 micrograms/100 mL
forearm tissue per minute). In both groups of patients, potassium chloride
infusion augmented local plasma potassium concentrations. Furthermore, in
essential hypertensive patients but not in normotensive subjects it
increased the vasodilating effect of the first three infusion rates of
acetylcholine. In contrast, in seven adjunctive essential hypertensive
patients, potassium chloride did not alter intrabrachial sodium
nitroprusside-induced forearm vasodilation (1, 2, and 4 micrograms/100 mL
forearm tissue per minute). Finally, to evaluate the role of nitric oxide
on potassium-dependent facilitation of acetylcholine-induced vasodilation
in essential hypertension, we studied the effect of intrabrachial
NG-monomethyl L-arginine (100 micrograms/100 mL per minute) in another
group of seven hypertensive patients. Vasodilation to acetylcholine was
again increased by potassium chloride; NG- monomethyl L-arginine slightly
blunted the vasorelaxing effect of acetylcholine but abolished the
potentiating effect of potassium.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
ARTICLES
Effect of potassium on vasodilation to acetylcholine in essential hypertension
I Clinica Medica, University of Pisa, Italy.
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