Hypertension, Vol 24, 1-7, Copyright © 1994 by American Heart Association
DA Calhoun, S Zhu, JM Wyss and S Oparil
We have previously reported that high dietary salt exposure significantly
increases daytime mean arterial pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats
(SHR) but not in normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) controls. In the present
study, we used a telemetry monitoring system to evaluate the effects of
high dietary salt exposure on diurnal variation of mean arterial pressure
and heart rate in SHR and WKY rats. After implantation of a radio frequency
transducer, SHR and WKY rats were maintained on either high (8%) or basal
(1%) salt diets. Hemodynamic values were then analyzed for diurnal
variation with the use of a nonlinear data-fitting program. After 2 weeks
of dietary exposure, high salt-fed SHR had significantly greater 24-hour
mean arterial pressure (156 +/- 3 mmHg) than SHR receiving basal (135 +/- 2
mmHg) and WKY rats receiving high (100 +/- 2 mmHg) or basal (100 +/- 1
mmHg) salt diets. Rhythm analysis indicated significant increases in both
daytime and nighttime mean arterial pressure during high salt exposure in
SHR. In WKY rats, high salt exposure increased nighttime but not daytime
mean arterial pressure, with no net effect on 24-hour mean arterial
pressure. High dietary salt exposure significantly decreased heart rate in
both SHR and WKY rats, and it did not significantly alter the pattern of
diurnal blood pressure or heart rate variation. These results indicate that
WKY rats manifest an acute sensitivity to salt ingestion but have
compensatory mechanisms sufficient to prevent sustained increases in mean
arterial pressure; such mechanisms are lacking in SHR.
ARTICLES
Diurnal blood pressure variation and dietary salt in spontaneously hypertensive rats
Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham 35294.
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