Hypertension, Vol 24, 37-48, Copyright © 1994 by American Heart Association
AH Danser, JP van Kats, PJ Admiraal, FH Derkx, JM Lamers, PD Verdouw, PR Saxena and MA Schalekamp
The existence of a cardiac renin-angiotensin system, independent of the
circulating renin-angiotensin system, is still controversial. We compared
the tissue levels of renin-angiotensin system components in the heart with
the levels in blood plasma in healthy pigs and 30 hours after nephrectomy.
Angiotensin I (Ang I)-generating activity of cardiac tissue was identified
as renin by its inhibition with a specific active site-directed renin
inhibitor. We took precautions to prevent the ex vivo generation and
breakdown of cardiac angiotensins and made appropriate corrections for any
losses of intact Ang I and II during extraction and assay. Tissue levels of
renin (n = 11) and Ang I (n = 7) and II (n = 7) in the left and right atria
were higher than in the corresponding ventricles (P < .05). Cardiac
renin and Ang I levels (expressed per gram wet weight) were similar to the
plasma levels, and Ang II in cardiac tissue was higher than in plasma (P
< .05). The presence of these renin-angiotensin system components in
cardiac tissue therefore cannot be accounted for by trapped plasma or
simple diffusion from plasma into the interstitial fluid. Angiotensinogen
levels (n = 11) in cardiac tissue were 10% to 25% of the levels in plasma,
which is compatible with its diffusion from plasma into the interstitium.
Like angiotensin-converting enzyme, renin was enriched in a purified
cardiac membrane fraction prepared from left ventricular tissue, as
compared with crude homogenate, and 12 +/- 3% (mean +/- SD, n = 6) of renin
in crude homogenate was found in the cardiac membrane fraction and could be
solubilized with 1% Triton X-100. Tissue levels of renin and Ang I and II
in the atria and ventricles were directly correlated with plasma levels (P
< .05), and in both tissue and plasma the levels were undetectably low
after nephrectomy. We conclude that most if not all renin in cardiac tissue
originates from the kidney. Results support the contentions that in the
healthy heart, angiotensin production depends on plasma-derived renin and
that plasma-derived angiotensinogen in the interstitial fluid is a
potential source of cardiac angiotensins. Binding of renin to cardiac
membranes may be part of a mechanism by which renin is taken up from
plasma.
ARTICLES
Cardiac renin and angiotensins. Uptake from plasma versus in situ synthesis
Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovasculair Onderzoeksinstituut Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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