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(Hypertension. 1996;28:450-456.)
© 1996 American Heart Association, Inc.

Articles

Influence of Isradipine and Spirapril on Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Resistance Arteries

Petra A. Thurmann; Nicola Stephens; Anthony M. Heagerty; Peter Kenedi; Gottfried Weidinger; Norbert Rietbrock

the Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Frankfurt (FRG) (P.A.T., N.R.); Department of Medicine, University Hospital of South Manchester (UK) (N.S., A.M.H.); Department of Internal Medicine, Diakonissenkrankenhaus, Frankfurt, FRG (P.K.); and Department of Clinical Research, Sandoz AG, Nurnberg, FRG (G.W.).

Left ventricular hypertrophy is a common clinical feature in hypertensive patients and may be associated with structural changes in vessel morphology. In an open prospective trial, we evaluated 14 patients with previously untreated hypertension (163±2/104±2 mm Hg) and an echocardiographically determined left ventricular mass index of 141.6±5.2 g/m², indicating left ventricular hypertrophy. We obtained a gluteal skin biopsy sample before starting treatment to investigate subcutaneous small-artery (approximately 200 to 400 µm diameter) morphology and function. Patients then received antihypertensive treatment with a combination of spirapril (3 or 6 mg) and isradipine (2.5 or 5 mg). Echocardiographic recordings were made after 6 months and 1 year, and a final biopsy was taken after 1 year. After 1 year, blood pressure was significantly reduced to 142±3/90±1 mm Hg (P<.001), and left ventricular mass index decreased significantly to 105.3±5.8 g/m² (P<.001). Baseline media-lumen ratio (7.64±0.48%) was not markedly reduced (7.21±0.55%), although a decrease occurred in 7 of 12 evaluable patients. Norepinephrine-induced vasoconstriction was markedly reduced after 1 year. In conclusion, a significant regression of left ventricular hypertrophy was obtained after 1 year of treatment with spirapril and isradipine, whereas a similar reduction in medial thickness relative to lumen diameter of subcutaneous small arteries could not be observed in all patients. Reversal of structural changes in resistance vessels may require a longer treatment period in patients with proven left ventricular hypertrophy.

Key Words: hypertension, essential • hypertrophy, left ventricular • resistance vessels • antihypertensive therapy

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