This Article Full Text Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Request Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Karlsen, F. M. Articles by Holstein-Rathlou, N.-H. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Karlsen, F. M. Articles by Holstein-Rathlou, N.-H. Pubmed/NCBI databases Compound via MeSH Substance via MeSH Hazardous Substances DB SODIUM CHLORIDE

(Hypertension. 1997;30:975-983.)
© 1997 American Heart Association, Inc.

Articles

Dynamic Autoregulation and Renal Injury in Dahl Rats

Finn M. Karlsen; Claus B. Andersen; Paul P. Leyssac; ; Niels-Henrik Holstein-Rathlou

From the Department of Medical Physiology, The Panum Institute, and Department of Pathology (C.B.A.), University of Copenhagen (Denmark).

Correspondence to Finn Michael Karlsen, MD, University of Copenhagen, Department of Medical Physiology, The Panum Institute, Bldg 10.5, 3 Blegdamsvej, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark. E-mail fmk{at}mfi.ku.dk

Abstract The Dahl salt-sensitive (Dahl S) rat develops hypertension and renal injuries when challenged with a high salt diet and has been considered to be a model of chronic renal failure. Renal injuries appear very early in life compared with the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). During the course of hypertension, a gradual impairment of autoregulatory control of renal blood flow might expose the glomerular circulation to periods of elevated pressure, resulting in renal injuries in Dahl S rats. Dynamic autoregulatory capacity was assessed in Dahl S and Dahl salt-resistant (Dahl R) rats, SHR, and Sprague-Dawley rats by inducing broad-band fluctuations in the arterial blood pressure and simultaneously measuring renal blood flow. Dynamic autoregulation was estimated by the transfer function using blood pressure as the input and renal blood flow as the output. Renal morphological injuries were evaluated in Dahl S rats and SHR and were scored semiquantitatively. Dynamic autoregulation was efficient and comparable in the low-frequency range (<0.015 Hz) in Dahl R rats, SHR, and Sprague-Dawley rats. The response in Dahl S rats depended strongly on the initiation time of the high salt diet. Autoregulation was preserved during a low salt diet and in rats exposed to a late-onset hypertension of short duration, only partly preserved if the late-onset hypertension was of a longer duration, and abolished in early-onset hypertension. All Dahl S rats on a high salt diet showed severe morphological changes in the kidney. In conclusion, autoregulatory capacity in the kidney of Dahl S rats is gradually impaired when rats are rendered hypertensive with a high salt diet. Renal morphological injuries develop before loss of dynamic autoregulation. Impaired autoregulation appears to be the result, not the cause, of the process that ultimately leads to renal failure in the Dahl S rat.

Key Words: renal blood flow • hypertension, sodium-dependent • kidney failure, chronic • homeostasis

This article has been cited by other articles:

				T. Mori, A. Polichnowski, P. Glocka, M. Kaldunski, Y. Ohsaki, M. Liang, and A. W. Cowley Jr. High Perfusion Pressure Accelerates Renal Injury in Salt-Sensitive Hypertension J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., August 1, 2008; 19(8): 1472 - 1482. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. Shen, M. Hagiwara, Y.-Y. Yao, L. Chao, and J. Chao Salutary Effect of Kallistatin in Salt-Induced Renal Injury, Inflammation, and Fibrosis via Antioxidative Stress Hypertension, May 1, 2008; 51(5): 1358 - 1365. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. A. Cupples and B. Braam Assessment of renal autoregulation Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, April 1, 2007; 292(4): F1105 - F1123. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Loutzenhiser, K. Griffin, G. Williamson, and A. Bidani Renal autoregulation: new perspectives regarding the protective and regulatory roles of the underlying mechanisms Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, May 1, 2006; 290(5): R1153 - R1167. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				I. Abu-Amarah, A. K. Bidani, R. Hacioglu, G. A. Williamson, and K. A. Griffin Differential effects of salt on renal hemodynamics and potential pressure transmission in stroke-prone and stroke-resistant spontaneously hypertensive rats Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, August 1, 2005; 289(2): F305 - F313. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. K. Bidani and K. A. Griffin Pathophysiology of Hypertensive Renal Damage: Implications for Therapy Hypertension, November 1, 2004; 44(5): 595 - 601. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. A. Griffin, R. Hacioglu, I. Abu-Amarah, R. Loutzenhiser, G. A. Williamson, and A. K. Bidani Effects of calcium channel blockers on "dynamic" and "steady-state step" renal autoregulation Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, June 1, 2004; 286(6): F1136 - F1143. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Mori and A. W. Cowley Jr. Role of Pressure in Angiotensin II-Induced Renal Injury: Chronic Servo-Control of Renal Perfusion Pressure in Rats Hypertension, April 1, 2004; 43(4): 752 - 759. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. R. Oldson, L. C. Moore, and H. E. Layton Effect of sustained flow perturbations on stability and compensation of tubuloglomerular feedback Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, November 1, 2003; 285(5): F972 - F989. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. K. Bidani, R. Hacioglu, I. Abu-Amarah, G. A. Williamson, R. Loutzenhiser, and K. A. Griffin "Step" vs. "dynamic" autoregulation: implications for susceptibility to hypertensive injury Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, July 1, 2003; 285(1): F113 - F120. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. R. Garrett, H. Dene, and J. P. Rapp Time-Course Genetic Analysis of Albuminuria in Dahl Salt-Sensitive Rats on Low-Salt Diet J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., May 1, 2003; 14(5): 1175 - 1187. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F. Tomoda, M. Takata, H. Kinuno, S. Tomita, K. Yasumoto, and H. Inoue Renal Structural Properties in Prehypertensive Dahl Salt-Sensitive Rats Hypertension, July 1, 2000; 36(1): 68 - 72. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				X. Wang, D. O. Ajikobi, F. C. Salevsky, and W. A. Cupples Impaired myogenic autoregulation in kidneys of Brown Norway rats Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, June 1, 2000; 278(6): F962 - F969. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. E. Layton, E. B. Pitman, and L. C. Moore Limit-cycle oscillations and tubuloglomerular feedback regulation of distal sodium delivery Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, February 1, 2000; 278(2): F287 - F301. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. P. E. Van Dokkum, M. Alonso-Galicia, A. P. Provoost, H. J. Jacob, and R. J. Roman Impaired autoregulation of renal blood flow in the fawn-hooded rat Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, January 1, 1999; 276(1): R189 - R196. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F. M. Karlsen, P. P. Leyssac, and N.-H. Holstein-Rathlou Tubuloglomerular feedback in Dahl rats Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, June 1, 1998; 274(6): R1561 - R1569. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]