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From the Centro per lo Studio dell'Ipertensione Arteriosa, delle
Dislipidemie e dell'Arteriosclerosi, Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze
dell'Invecchiamento, University G. D'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy.
Correspondence to Sante D. Pierdomenico, MD, Istituto di Patologia Medica, Policlinico S.S. Annunziata, Via dei Vestini, 66013 Chieti Scalo, Italy. E-mail pierdomenico{at}unich.it
Abstract—Low-density lipoprotein
oxidation and antioxidant vitamins E and C were investigated in
white-coat hypertension in comparison with sustained hypertension and
normotension. We selected 21 sustained hypertensive subjects, 21
white-coat hypertensive subjects, and 21 normotensive subjects matched
for gender, age, and body mass index. White-coat hypertension was
defined as clinical hypertension and daytime ambulatory blood pressure
<139/90 (subjects were also reclassified using 134/90 and 135/85
mm Hg as cutoff points for daytime blood pressure). Blood samples were
drawn for lipid profile determination, assessment of
fluorescent products of lipid peroxidation in native LDL,
evaluation of susceptibility to LDL oxidation in vitro (lag phase and
propagation rate), and determination of LDL vitamin E and plasma
vitamins E and C contents. Compared with sustained hypertensive
subjects, white-coat hypertensives had significantly lower
fluorescent products of lipid peroxidation (15.4±3.4
versus 10.2±3 units of relative fluorescence/mg LDL protein,
P<.05), longer lag phase (54±10 versus 88±10 minutes,
P<.05), lower propagation rate (8.2±2.5 versus
5.95±2.1 nmol diene/min per mg LDL cholesterol,
P<.05), higher LDL vitamin E content (8.3±1.1 versus
10.1±1.8 nmol/mg LDL cholesterol, P<.05),
and plasma vitamin C content (40±13 versus 57±9 µmol/L,
P<. 05). No significant difference was observed between
white-coat hypertensive and normotensive subjects. The results did not
change after reclassification of subjects. Our data show that
white-coat hypertensive subjects do not show an enhanced propensity to
LDL oxidation or reduction in antioxidant vitamins. Given the role of
LDL oxidation in the development of atherosclerosis and
that of vitamin E and C in protecting against it, these findings
suggest that white-coat hypertension per se carries a low atherogenic
risk.
© 1998 American Heart Association, Inc.
Scientific Contributions
Low-Density Lipoprotein Oxidation and Vitamins E and C in Sustained and White-Coat Hypertension
Key Words: hypertension, white-coat • oxidation • LDL • vitamin E • vitamin C
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