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(Hypertension. 1998;32:356-359.)
© 1998 American Heart Association, Inc.

Third Workshop on Structure and Function of Large Arteries: Part II

Smooth Muscle Relaxation

Effects on Arterial Compliance, Distensibility, Elastic Modulus, and Pulse Wave Velocity

Alan J. Bank; ; Daniel R. Kaiser

From the Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota (Minneapolis).

Correspondence to Alan J. Bank, MD, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Box 508 UMHC, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455. E-mail bankx001{at}maroon.tc.umn.edu

Abstract

Abstract—Compliance, distensibility, incremental elastic modulus (E_inc), and pulse wave velocity are all terms used to describe the mechanical properties of arteries. Previous studies assessing the effects of smooth muscle relaxation on each of these parameters have produced conflicting results. Our laboratory has previously demonstrated that intrabrachial infusion of nitroglycerin in normal human subjects results in a large increase in brachial artery compliance without changing arterial wall stiffness as measured by E_inc. In the present study, the relationships among compliance, distensibility, E_inc, and pulse wave velocity under different levels of vascular tone are shown using data acquired by intravascular ultrasound as well as theoretical curves. We demonstrate that the effects of smooth muscle relaxation can be depicted as 2 separate steps: (1) a rightward shift to a new theoretical curve describing the relationship between 2 of the above elastic parameters that is solely due to changes in vessel geometry and (2) a shift along the new curve that is dependent on changes in wall stiffness.

Key Words: arteries • compliance • elasticity • vasodilation • muscle, smooth

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