| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Hypertension. 1999;33:671-675.)
© 1999 American Heart Association, Inc.
Scientific Contributions |
Effects of Amlodipine on Sympathetic Nerve Traffic and Baroreflex Control of Circulation in Heart Failure
From Cattedra di Medicina Interna, Università di Milano, Ospedale S.Gerardo, Monza (G.G., R.D., G.M.); the Centro di Fisiologia Clinica e Ipertensione IRCCS, Ospedale Maggiore, Milano (G.G., G.B., C.C., G.M.); the Divisione di Cardiologia, Ospedale di Legnano, Milano (D.S.); and IRCCS Centro Auxologico Italiano, Milano, Italy (G.S., G.M.)
Correspondence to Prof Giuseppe Mancia, Cattedra di Medicina Interna, Università di Milano, Ospedale S.Gerardo—Via Donizetti 106, 20052 Monza, Italy.
Abstract—Short-acting calcium antagonists exert a sympathoexcitation that in heart failure further enhances an already elevated sympathetic activity. Whether this is also the case for long-acting formulations is not yet established, despite the prognostic importance of sympathetic activation in heart failure. It is also undetermined whether in this condition long-acting calcium antagonists favorably affect a mechanism potentially responsible for the sympathetic activation, ie, the baroreflex impairment. In 28 heart failure patients (NYHA functional class II) under conventional treatment we measured plasma norepinephrine and efferent postganglionic muscle sympathetic nerve activity (microneurography) at rest and during arterial baroreceptor stimulation and deactivation induced by stepwise intravenous infusions of phenylephrine and nitroprusside, respectively. Measurements were performed at baseline and after 8 weeks of daily oral amlodipine administration (10 mg/d, 14 patients) or before and after an 8-week period without calcium antagonist administration (14 patients). Amlodipine caused a small and insignificant blood pressure reduction. Heart rate, left ventricular ejection fraction, and plasma renin and aldosterone concentrations were not affected. This was the case also for plasma norepinephrine (from 2.43±0.41 to 2.50±0.34 nmol/L, mean±SEM), muscle sympathetic nerve activity (from 54.4±5.9 to 51.0±4.3 bursts/min), and arterial baroreflex responses. No change in the above-mentioned variables was seen in the control group. Thus, in mild heart failure amlodipine treatment does not adversely affect sympathetic activity and baroreflex control of the heart and sympathetic tone. This implies that in this condition long-acting calcium antagonists can be administered without untoward neurohumoral effects anytime conventional treatment needs to be complemented by drugs causing additional vasodilatation.
Key Words: nervous system, sympathetic • nervous system, autonomic • baroreceptors • calcium antagonists • heart failure
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  G. Grassi, G. Seravalle, F. Quarti-Trevano, F. Scopelliti, R. Dell'Oro, G. Bolla, and G. Mancia Excessive Sympathetic Activation in Heart Failure With Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome: Characteristics and Mechanisms Hypertension, March 1, 2007; 49(3): 535 - 541. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Zhong, K.-M. Jan, K. H. Ju, and K. H. Chon Quantifying cardiac sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous activities using principal dynamic modes analysis of heart rate variability Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, September 1, 2006; 291(3): H1475 - H1483. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Grassi, G. Seravalle, C. Turri, G. Bolla, and G. Mancia Short-Versus Long-Term Effects of Different Dihydropyridines on Sympathetic and Baroreflex Function in Hypertension Hypertension, March 1, 2003; 41(3): 558 - 562. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Binggeli, R. Corti, I. Sudano, T. F. Luscher, and G. Noll Effects of Chronic Calcium Channel Blockade on Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Hypertension Hypertension, April 1, 2002; 39(4): 892 - 896. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|