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(Hypertension. 1999;34:1007-1011.)
© 1999 American Heart Association, Inc.

Scientific Contributions

Potential Role of Glycerol Leading to Rat Fructose Hypertension

Pablo F. Damiano; María I. Rosón; Inés Armando; Susana Nowicki; Eduardo Dascal; Luis Cuniberti; Liliana E. Albornoz; Ignacio J. de la Riva ;

From the Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Buenos Aires University (P.F.D., M.I.R., L.E.A., I.J.d.l.R.); Center for Endocrinological Research, R. Gutierrez Pediatric Hospital (I.A., S.N., E.D.); Austral University (S.N.); and Favaloro University (L.C.), Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Correspondence to Dr Ignacio J. de la Riva, Depto de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155. 7mo Piso, (1121) Buenos Aires, Argentina. E-mail idelariv{at}fmed.uba.ar

Abstract—A fructose-enriched diet promotes hypertension in rats. We thought that an enhancement of the glycolytic and/or lipid disorder (s) that raise blood pressure could be the cause. Therefore, we studied 4 groups of Sprague-Dawley rats (±200 g): (1) control rats received a standard diet and tap water; (2) the glycerol group of rats received a standard diet and 0.54 mol/L glycerol in tap water; (3) the fructose group was given a fructose-enhanced diet (chow had 55% fructose instead of dextrin) and tap water; and (4) the fructose-glycerol group was given the fructose-enhanced diet and 0.54 mol/L glycerol in drinking water. At the end of the second week, the findings were as follows. Blood pressure was 149±2 mm Hg in the fructose-glycerol group versus 129±2 (P<0.001), 131±2 (P<0.001), and 140±3 (P<0.005) mm Hg in the control, glycerol, and fructose groups, respectively. Insulinemia was higher in the fructose-glycerol group than the control (P<0.001), glycerol (P<0.001), and fructose groups (P<0.001); triglyceridemia was higher in the fructose-glycerol (P<0.02), fructose (P<0.05), and glycerol groups (P<0.02) than the control group. Thoracic aorta rings showed a lower ED₅₀ to 12,13-phorbol dibutyrate in the fructose-glycerol group than in the control (P<0.001), glycerol (P<0.002), and fructose groups (P<0.001). In conclusion, glycerol-fructose administration resulted in hypertriglyceridemia, hyperinsulinemia, and increased vascular sensitivity to 12,13-phorbol dibutyrate (with respect to the control group), and significantly greater expression of protein kinase C and ßII (with respect to the glycerol group).

Key Words: fructose • hypertension • insulin • glycerol • triglycerides