(Hypertension. 2000;35:1173.)
© 2000 American Heart Association, Inc.
Scientific Contributions |
Effects of Sleep Deprivation on Neural Circulatory Control
From the Division of Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy (M.K., B.G.P.), College of Pharmacy, and Department of Internal Medicine (G.S., C.A.P.), College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa; Department of Hypertension and Diabetology (K.N.), Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland; and Department of Internal Medicine (V.K.S.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn.
Correspondence to Virend K. Somers, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905. E-mail somers.virend{at}mayo.edu
Abstract—Effects of sleep deprivation on neural cardiovascular control may have important clinical implications. We tested the hypothesis that sleep deprivation increases heart rate, blood pressure, and sympathetic activity and potentiates their responses to stressful stimuli. We studied 8 healthy subjects (aged 40±5 years, 6 men and 2 women). Blood pressure, heart rate, forearm vascular resistance, and muscle sympathetic nerve activity were measured at rest and during 4 stressors (sustained handgrip, maximal forearm ischemia, mental stress, and cold pressor test). Measurements were obtained twice, once after normal sleep and once after a night of sleep deprivation. All measurements were obtained in a blinded, randomized manner. In comparison with normal sleep, sleep deprivation resulted in an increase in blood pressure (normal sleep versus sleep deprivation=82±8 versus 86±7 mm Hg, mean±SEM, P=0.012) and a decrease in muscle sympathetic nerve activity (normal sleep versus sleep deprivation=28±6 versus 22±6 bursts/min, P=0.017). Heart rate, forearm vascular resistance, and plasma catecholamines were not significantly changed by sleep deprivation, nor did sleep deprivation affect autonomic and hemodynamic responses to stressful stimuli. Sleep deprivation results in increased resting blood pressure, decreased muscle sympathetic nerve activity, and no change in heart rate. Thus, the pressor response to sleep deprivation is not mediated by muscle sympathetic vasoconstriction or tachycardia.
Key Words: sleep deprivation • sympathetic nervous system • vascular resistance • catecholamines
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