(Hypertension. 2001;37:774.)
© 2001 American Heart Association, Inc.
Scientific Contributions |
Combination of Hypercholesterolemia and Hypertension Augments Renal Function Abnormalities
From the Departments of Internal Medicine (Divisions of Hypertension [J.D.K., L.O.L.] and Cardiovascular Diseases [M.R.-P., A.L.]), and Diagnostic Radiology (P.F.S.), and Physiology and Biophysics (J.C.R.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn; the Department of Medicine (C.N.), University of Naples, Naples, Italy; and the Department of Medicine-0682 (C.N.), University of California, San Diego.
Correspondence to Lilach O. Lerman, MD, PhD, Division of Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905. E-mail Lerman.Lilach{at}mayo.edu
Hypercholesterolemia and hypertension are both risk factors for end-stage renal disease. This study was designed to examine whether their coexistence augmented impairment in renal function and redox status. Regional renal hemodynamics and function in response to vasoactive challenges with acetylcholine or sodium nitroprusside were quantified by using electron-beam computed tomography in pigs after 12 weeks of either a normal (n=10) or hypercholesterolemic (n=10) diet, renovascular hypertension (n=7), or combined hypercholesterolemia+hypertension (n=6). The hypercholesterolemic and hypercholesterolemic+hypertensive groups had significantly increased serum cholesterol levels, whereas in the hypertensive and hypercholesterolemic+hypertensive groups, mean arterial pressure was significantly elevated compared with the group fed a normal diet. Basal regional renal perfusion and glomerular filtration rates were similar among the groups. In response to acetylcholine, cortical perfusion increased in normal animals (15.6±4.7%, P=0.002) but not in hypercholesterolemic or hypertensive animals (8.0±7.4% and 8.2±5.9%, respectively; P>0.05). Moreover, in the hypercholesterolemic+hypertensive group, cortical perfusion response was further attenuated (2.5±4.8%, P=0.02) and significantly different from the group fed a normal diet (P<0.05). The response to sodium nitroprusside followed a similar pattern, and the impairment was augmented in the hypercholesterolemic+hypertensive group. The functional abnormalities in hypercholesterolemia or hypertension were associated with a decrease in systemic and/or renal tissue levels of oxygen radical scavengers that was again accentuated in hypercholesterolemia+hypertension. These results demonstrate that concurrent hypercholesterolemia and hypertension have a greater detrimental effect on renal perfusion responses compared with hypercholesterolemia or hypertension alone, associated with a marked pro-oxidant shift in redox status. These effects may potentially augment renal functional impairment and play a role in the initiation and progression of renal injury in hypertension and atherosclerosis.
Key Words: hypertension, renal • cholesterol • oxidative stress • blood flow • imaging
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  S. I. Gomez, L. Warner, J. A. Haas, R. J. Bolterman, S. C. Textor, L. O. Lerman, and J. C. Romero Increased hypoxia and reduced renal tubular response to furosemide detected by BOLD magnetic resonance imaging in swine renovascular hypertension Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, October 1, 2009; 297(4): F981 - F986. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Daghini, A. N. Primak, A. R. Chade, J. D. Krier, X.-Y. Zhu, E. L. Ritman, C. H. McCollough, and L. O. Lerman Assessment of Renal Hemodynamics and Function in Pigs with 64-Section Multidetector CT: Comparison with Electron-Beam CT Radiology, May 1, 2007; 243(2): 405 - 412. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Daghini, A. R. Chade, J. D. Krier, D. Versari, A. Lerman, and L. O. Lerman Acute inhibition of the endogenous xanthine oxidase improves renal hemodynamics in hypercholesterolemic pigs Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, March 1, 2006; 290(3): R609 - R615. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. R. Chade, O. P. Mushin, X. Zhu, M. Rodriguez-Porcel, J. P. Grande, S. C. Textor, A. Lerman, and L. O. Lerman Pathways of Renal Fibrosis and Modulation of Matrix Turnover in Experimental Hypercholesterolemia Hypertension, October 1, 2005; 46(4): 772 - 779. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. I. Pelaez, L. A. Juncos, J. M. Stulak, L. O. Lerman, and J. C. Romero Non-invasive evaluation of bilateral renal regional blood flow and tubular dynamics during acute unilateral ureteral obstruction Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., January 1, 2005; 20(1): 83 - 88. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. R. Chade, M. D. Bentley, X. Zhu, M. Rodriguez-Porcel, S. Niemeyer, B. Amores-Arriaga, C. Napoli, E. L. Ritman, A. Lerman, and L. O. Lerman Antioxidant Intervention Prevents Renal Neovascularization in Hypercholesterolemic Pigs J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., July 1, 2004; 15(7): 1816 - 1825. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. R. Chade, M. Rodriguez-Porcel, J. Herrmann, X. Zhu, J. P. Grande, C. Napoli, A. Lerman, and L. O. Lerman Antioxidant Intervention Blunts Renal Injury in Experimental Renovascular Disease J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., April 1, 2004; 15(4): 958 - 966. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. R. Chade, M. Rodriguez-Porcel, J. Herrmann, J. D. Krier, X. Zhu, A. Lerman, and L. O. Lerman Beneficial Effects of Antioxidant Vitamins on the Stenotic Kidney Hypertension, October 1, 2003; 42(4): 605 - 612. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. R. Chade, M. Rodriguez-Porcel, J. P. Grande, X. Zhu, V. Sica, C. Napoli, T. Sawamura, S. C. Textor, A. Lerman, and L. O. Lerman Mechanisms of Renal Structural Alterations in Combined Hypercholesterolemia and Renal Artery Stenosis Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, July 1, 2003; 23(7): 1295 - 1301. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Rodriguez-Porcel, L. O. Lerman, J. Herrmann, T. Sawamura, C. Napoli, and A. Lerman Hypercholesterolemia and Hypertension Have Synergistic Deleterious Effects on Coronary Endothelial Function Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, May 1, 2003; 23(5): 885 - 891. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Rodriguez-Porcel, A. Lerman, J. Herrmann, R. S. Schwartz, T. Sawamura, M. Condorelli, C. Napoli, and L. O. Lerman Hypertension exacerbates the effect of hypercholesterolemia on the myocardial microvasculature Cardiovasc Res, April 1, 2003; 58(1): 213 - 221. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. L. Knight, M. J. Stampfer, S. E. Hankinson, D. Spiegelman, and G. C. Curhan The Impact of Protein Intake on Renal Function Decline in Women with Normal Renal Function or Mild Renal Insufficiency Ann Intern Med, March 18, 2003; 138(6): 460 - 467. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. R. Chade, M. Rodriguez-Porcel, J. P. Grande, J. D. Krier, A. Lerman, J. C. Romero, C. Napoli, and L. O. Lerman Distinct Renal Injury in Early Atherosclerosis and Renovascular Disease Circulation, August 27, 2002; 106(9): 1165 - 1171. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. D. Krier, M. Rodriguez-Porcel, P. J. M. Best, J. C. Romero, A. Lerman, and L. O. Lerman Vascular responses in vivo to 8-epi PGF2alpha in normal and hypercholesterolemic pigs Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, August 1, 2002; 283(2): R303 - R308. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. STULAK, A. LERMAN, M. R. PORCEL, J. A. CACCITOLO, J. C. ROMERO, H. V. SCHAFF, C. NAPOLI, and L. O. LERMAN Renal Vascular Function in Hypercholesterolemia Is Preserved by Chronic Antioxidant Supplementation J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., September 1, 2001; 12(9): 1882 - 1891. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. O. Lerman and M. Rodriguez-Porcel Functional Assessment of the Circulation of the Single Kidney Hypertension, September 1, 2001; 38(3): 625 - 629. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|