Hypertension. 2001;38:1049-1053
doi: 10.1161/hy1101.095329
doi: 10.1161/hy1101.095329
(Hypertension. 2001;38:1049.)
© 2001 American Heart Association, Inc.
Scientific Contributions |
Endothelium-Derived Nitric Oxide Regulates Arterial Elasticity in Human Arteries In Vivo
From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Mass.
Correspondence to Scott Kinlay, MBBS, PhD, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115. E-mail skinlay{at}rics.bwh.harvard.edu
Abstract—— Arterial elasticity is determined by structural characteristics of the artery wall and by vascular smooth muscle tone. The identity of endogenous vasoactive substances that regulate elasticity has not been defined in humans. We hypothesized that NO, a vasodilator released constitutively by the endothelium, augments arterial elasticity. Seven healthy young men were studied. A 20-MHz intravascular ultrasound catheter was introduced through an arterial sheath to measure brachial artery cross-sectional area, wall thickness, and intra-arterial pressure. After control was established, indices of elasticity (pressure-area relationship, instantaneous compliance, and stress-strain, pressure–incremental elastic modulus (Einc), and pressure–pulse wave velocity relationships) were examined over 0 to 100 mm Hg transmural pressure obtained by inflation of an external cuff. Thereafter, the basal production of endothelium-derived NO was inhibited by NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) (4 and 8 mg/min). Finally, nitroglycerin (2.5 and 12.5 µg/min), an exogenous donor of NO, was given to relax the vascular smooth muscle. Elasticity was measured under all of these conditions. L-NMMA (8 mg/min) decreased brachial artery area (P=0.016) and compliance (P<0.0001) and increased Einc (P<0.01) and pulse wave velocity (P<0.0001). Nitroglycerin (12.5 µg/min) increased brachial artery area (P<0.001) and compliance (P<0.001) and decreased pulse wave velocity (P=0.02). NO, an endothelium-derived vasodilator, augments arterial elasticity in the human brachial artery. Loss of constitutively released NO associated with cardiovascular risk factors may adversely affect arterial elasticity in humans.
Key Words: brachial artery • elasticity • human • endothelium-derived relaxing factor
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