Hypertension. 2001;38:1112-1117
doi: 10.1161/hy1101.093424
doi: 10.1161/hy1101.093424
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(Hypertension. 2001;38:1112.)
© 2001 American Heart Association, Inc.
Scientific Contributions |
Effects of Alcohol Reduction on Blood Pressure
A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
From the Departments of Epidemiology (X.X., J.H., O.I.M., P.K.W.) and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, and Department of Medicine (J.H., P.K.W.), School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, La; and Louisiana State Office of Public Health (M.G.F.), New Orleans.
Correspondence to Jiang He, MD, PhD, Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave SL18, New Orleans, LA 70121-2484. E-mail jhe{at}.tulane.edu
Abstract—— Alcohol drinking has been associated with increased blood pressure in epidemiological studies. We conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to assess the effects of alcohol reduction on blood pressure. We included 15 randomized control trials (total of 2234 participants) published before June 1999 in which alcohol reduction was the only intervention difference between active and control treatment groups. Using a standard protocol, information on sample size, participant characteristics, study design, intervention methods, duration, and treatment results was abstracted independently by 3 investigators. By means of a fixed-effects model, findings from individual trials were pooled after results for each trial were weighted by the inverse of its variance. Overall, alcohol reduction was associated with a significant reduction in mean (95% confidence interval) systolic and diastolic blood pressures of -3.31 mm Hg (-2.52 to -4.10 mm Hg) and -2.04 mm Hg (-1.49 to -2.58 mm Hg), respectively. A dose-response relationship was observed between mean percentage of alcohol reduction and mean blood pressure reduction. Effects of intervention were enhanced in those with higher baseline blood pressure. Our study suggests that alcohol reduction should be recommended as an important component of lifestyle modification for the prevention and treatment of hypertension among heavy drinkers.
Key Words: alcohol • blood pressure • meta-analysis • clinical trials
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