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(Hypertension. 2004;43:578.)
© 2004 American Heart Association, Inc.

Scientific Contributions

Factors Associated With Hypertension Awareness, Treatment, and Control in a Representative Sample of the Chinese Population

Paul Muntner; Dongfeng Gu; Xiqui Wu; Xiufang Duan; Gan Wenqi; Paul K. Whelton; Jiang He for the InterASIA Collaborative Group

From the Departments of Epidemiology (P.M., P.K.W., J.H.), Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine; Department of Medicine (P.M., P.K.W., J.H.) Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, La; Hypertension and Renal Center of Excellence (P.M., P.K.W., J.H.), Tulane University Health Sciences Center; and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (D.G., X.W., X.D., G.W.), Beijing, People’s Republic of China.

Correspondence to Paul Muntner, Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University, SPHTM 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-18 New Orleans, LA 70112 E-mail pmuntner{at}tulane.edu

We studied factors associated with awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension (systolic/diastolic blood pressure measurements 140/90 mm Hg, respectively, and/or current drug treatment for hypertension) in a representative sample of the Chinese population (n=15 838). Awareness, treatment, and control were defined by self-report of a hypertension diagnosis, self-report of current antihypertensive medication use, and a systolic and diastolic blood pressure <140/90 mm Hg, respectively. Higher awareness (OR; 95% CI) was noted for persons who were married (1.43; 1.09, 1.88) and had their blood pressure measured in 1 year (47.4; 31.7, 70.4) or 1 to 5 years (11.4; 7.09, 18.2) preceding their study visit; lower awareness was found among men (0.62; 0.52, 0.74) and current smokers (0.79; 0.63, 0.99). Among those aware of their hypertension, treatment was more common (OR; 95% CI) at higher income (1.24 [0.87, 1.75], 1.46 [1.01, 2.12] and 1.58 [1.06, 2.37] for increasing versus the lowest quartile of income) and for participants who had their blood pressure measured during the preceding year (3.87; 1.89, 7.93) and was less common among men (0.76; 0.59, 0.98). Controlled hypertension was more common (OR; 95% CI) among persons whose blood pressure had been measured 1 year (4.93; 1.51, 16.1) and 1 to 5 years (14.8; 3.63, 60.5) prior to their study visit and, among persons aware of their hypertension diagnosis, those who undertook lifestyle modification (1.59; 1.11, 2.27). These data identify potential methods for improving blood pressure control in China through the identification, follow-up, and lifestyle modification of persons with high blood pressure.

Key Words: hypertension, detection and control • cross-sectional studies • population