Hypertension. 2005;45:321-325
Published online before print January 17, 2005, doi: 10.1161/01.HYP.0000154789.28695.ea
Published online before print January 17, 2005, doi: 10.1161/01.HYP.0000154789.28695.ea
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(Hypertension. 2005;45:321.)
© 2005 American Heart Association, Inc.
Brief Reviews |
Mobilizing Endothelial Progenitor Cells
From the Molecular Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Frankfurt, Germany.
Correspondence to Stefanie Dimmeler, PhD, Molecular Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Frankfurt, Theodor Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany. E-mail Dimmeler{at}em.uni-frankfurt.de
Mobilization of endogenous endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) from the bone marrow may be an alternative way to increase neovascularization and may be used as therapeutic option for the treatment of ischemic cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we discuss the EPC mobilizing effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as granolocyte monocyte colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor, placental growth factor, erythropoietin, and angiopoietin-1, chemokines such as stromal cell–derived factor-1, hormones such as estrogens and lipid-lowering and anti-diabetic drugs, as well as physical activity.
Key Words: cardiovascular diseases
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