This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: 47/3/515    most recent 01.HYP.0000196268.08909.fbv1 Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Request Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Ferrario, C. M. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Ferrario, C. M. Pubmed/NCBI databases Compound via MeSH Substance via MeSH Related Collections Other hypertension Hypertrophy ACE/Angiotension receptors Cell signalling/signal transduction Gene regulation Hypertension - basic studies

(Hypertension. 2006;47:515.)
© 2006 American Heart Association, Inc.

Corcoran Lecture

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 and Angiotensin-(1-7)

An Evolving Story in Cardiovascular Regulation

From the Hypertension and Vascular Disease Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC.

Correspondence to Carlos M Ferrario, Hypertension and Vascular Disease Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27157. E-mail cferrari{at}wfubmc.edu

This lecture summarizes the chronology and rationale that led to the discovery of angiotensin-(1-7) as a hormone that, in its own right, opposes the vasoconstrictor and proliferative actions of angiotensin II. The work discussed here additionally analyzes the newest findings on angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, the angiotensin-converting enzyme homologue that efficiently hydrolyzes angiotensin II into angiotensin-(1-7). Both components of this system may significantly influence our future perspective of the role of the renin–angiotensin system, not just in terms of its role in the regulation of cardiovascular and renal function but, moreover, as regulators of a vast array of disease processes in which inflammation and immune mechanisms play a role.

Key Words: hypertension • receptors, angiotensin • angiotensin converting enzyme • angiotensin II

This article has been cited by other articles:

				K. M. Gauthier, D. X. Zhang, L. Cui, K. Nithipatikom, and W. B. Campbell Angiotensin II Relaxations of Bovine Adrenal Cortical Arteries: Role of Angiotensin II Metabolites and Endothelial Nitric Oxide Hypertension, July 1, 2008; 52(1): 150 - 155. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Zulli, S. Rai, B. F. Buxton, L. M. Burrell, and D. L. Hare Co-localization of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2-, octomer-4- and CD34-positive cells in rabbit atherosclerotic plaques Exp Physiol, May 1, 2008; 93(5): 564 - 569. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. M. Elased, T. S. Cunha, F. K. Marcondes, and M. Morris Brain angiotensin-converting enzymes: role of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in processing angiotensin II in mice Exp Physiol, May 1, 2008; 93(5): 665 - 675. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. J. Garabelli, J. G. Modrall, J. M. Penninger, C. M. Ferrario, and M. C. Chappell Distinct roles for angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and carboxypeptidase A in the processing of angiotensins within the murine heart Exp Physiol, May 1, 2008; 93(5): 613 - 621. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. Bodineau, A. Frugiere, Y. Marc, N. Inguimbert, C. Fassot, F. Balavoine, B. Roques, and C. Llorens-Cortes Orally Active Aminopeptidase A Inhibitors Reduce Blood Pressure: A New Strategy for Treating Hypertension Hypertension, May 1, 2008; 51(5): 1318 - 1325. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. Feng, X. Yue, H. Xia, S. M. Bindom, P. J. Hickman, C. M. Filipeanu, G. Wu, and E. Lazartigues Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Overexpression in the Subfornical Organ Prevents the Angiotensin II-Mediated Pressor and Drinking Responses and Is Associated With Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Downregulation Circ. Res., March 28, 2008; 102(6): 729 - 736. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. B.L. Carvalho, F. V. Duarte, R. Faria-Silva, B. Fauler, L. T. da Mata Machado, R. D. de Paula, M. J. Campagnole-Santos, and R. A.S. Santos Evidence for Mas-Mediated Bradykinin Potentiation by the Angiotensin-(1-7) Nonpeptide Mimic AVE 0991 in Normotensive Rats Hypertension, October 1, 2007; 50(4): 762 - 767. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. F. Giani, M. M. Gironacci, M. C. Munoz, C. Pena, D. Turyn, and F. P. Dominici Angiotensin-(1 7) stimulates the phosphorylation of JAK2, IRS-1 and Akt in rat heart in vivo: role of the AT1 and Mas receptors Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, August 1, 2007; 293(2): H1154 - H1163. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Yamazato, Y. Yamazato, C. Sun, C. Diez-Freire, and M. K. Raizada Overexpression of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 in the Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla Causes Long-Term Decrease in Blood Pressure in the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats Hypertension, April 1, 2007; 49(4): 926 - 931. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. L Zhuo and X. C Li Review: Novel roles of intracrine angiotensin II and signalling mechanisms in kidney cells Journal of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System, March 1, 2007; 8(1): 23 - 33. [Abstract] [PDF]

				C. Schindler, K. B. Brosnihan, C. M. Ferrario, P. Bramlage, U. Maywald, R. Koch, R. Oertel, and W. Kirch Comparison of Inhibitory Effects of Irbesartan and Atorvastatin Treatment on the Renin Angiotensin System (RAS) in Veins: A Randomized Double-Blind Crossover Trial in Healthy Subjects J. Clin. Pharmacol., January 1, 2007; 47(1): 112 - 120. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. F. Doobay, L. S. Talman, T. D. Obr, X. Tian, R. L. Davisson, and E. Lazartigues Differential expression of neuronal ACE2 in transgenic mice with overexpression of the brain renin-angiotensin system Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, January 1, 2007; 292(1): R373 - R381. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. T. Whaley-Connell, N. A. Chowdhury, M. R. Hayden, C. S. Stump, J. Habibi, C. E. Wiedmeyer, P. E. Gallagher, E. Ann Tallant, S. A. Cooper, C. D. Link, et al. Oxidative stress and glomerular filtration barrier injury: role of the renin-angiotensin system in the Ren2 transgenic rat Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, December 1, 2006; 291(6): F1308 - F1314. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. I. Rice, A. L. Jones, P. J. Grant, A. M. Carter, A. J. Turner, and N. M. Hooper Circulating Activities of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme, Its Homolog, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2, and Neprilysin in a Family Study Hypertension, November 1, 2006; 48(5): 914 - 920. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. P. Ocaranza, I. Godoy, J. E. Jalil, M. Varas, P. Collantes, M. Pinto, M. Roman, C. Ramirez, M. Copaja, G. Diaz-Araya, et al. Enalapril Attenuates Downregulation of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 in the Late Phase of Ventricular Dysfunction in Myocardial Infarcted Rat Hypertension, October 1, 2006; 48(4): 572 - 578. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]