Published online before print November 3, 2008, doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.123042
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(Hypertension. 2008;52:1076.)
© 2008 American Heart Association, Inc.
Original Articles |
Aliskiren Accumulates in Renin Secretory Granules and Binds Plasma Prorenin
From the Division of Pharmacology, Vascular and Metabolic Diseases (M.K., I.M.G., R.J.A.d.B., J.M.G.v.G., A.H.J.D.), Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Medicine (N.D.L.F., N.K.H.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
Correspondence to A.H. Jan Danser, Division of Pharmacology, Vascular and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Room EE1418b, Erasmus MC, Dr Molewaterplein 50, 3015 GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands. E-mail a.danser{at}erasmusmc.nl
The vascular effects of aliskiren last longer than expected based on its half life, and this renin inhibitor has been reported to cause a greater renin rise than other renin-angiotensin system blockers. To investigate whether aliskiren accumulation in secretory granules contributes to these phenomena, renin-synthesizing mast cells were incubated with aliskiren, washed, and exposed to forskolin in medium without aliskiren (0.1 to 1000 nmol/L). (Pro)renin concentrations were measured by renin- and prorenin-specific immunoradiometric assays, and renin activity was measured by enzyme-kinetic assay. Without aliskiren, the culture medium predominantly contained prorenin, the cells exclusively stored renin, and forskolin doubled renin release. Aliskiren dose-dependently bound to (pro)renin in the medium and cell lysates and did not alter the effect of forskolin. The aliskiren concentrations required to bind prorenin were 1 to 2 orders of magnitude higher than those needed to bind renin. Blockade of cell lysate renin activity ranged from 27±15% to 79±5%, and these percentages were identical for the renin that was released by forskolin, indicating that they represented the same renin pool, ie, the renin storage granules. Comparison of renin and prorenin measurements in blood samples obtained from human volunteers treated with aliskiren, both before and after prorenin activation, revealed that 
30% of prorenin was detected in renin-specific assays. In conclusion, aliskiren accumulates in renin granules, thus allowing long-lasting renin-angiotensin system blockade beyond the half-life of this drug. Aliskiren also binds to prorenin. This allows its detection as renin, and might explain, in part, the renin rise during renin inhibition.
Key Words: prorenin • renin • storage granule • mast cell • aliskiren
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