Hypertension, Vol 7, 405-410, Copyright © 1985 by American Heart Association
D Reed, D McGee, K Yano and J Hankin
Recent reports of an inverse association between dietary calcium intake and
hypertension stimulated this analysis of the relationship of blood pressure
to more than 20 dietary factors among a group of 8000 Japanese men in
Hawaii. Reported intakes of potassium, calcium, protein, and milk were all
inversely associated with blood pressure levels when examined one at a time
while controlling for other risk factors. Alcohol intake was directly
associated with blood pressure, and was treated as a confounding variable
in the analysis. The association of potassium intake with blood pressure
was relatively stronger than the associations for other nutrients, but the
intake of potassium was so highly correlated with intakes of calcium, milk,
and protein that it was not statistically possible to identify the
independent association of potassium and blood pressure. Calcium intake was
strongly correlated with milk and potassium intakes, and only calcium from
dairy sources was associated with blood pressure. These data thus indicate
that several dietary factors are inversely related to blood pressure levels
independently of other risk factors such as age, body mass, and alcohol
intake. The high degree of intercorrelation (multicollinearity) among these
dietary factors, however, indicates that the independent role of any
specific nutrient cannot be conclusively separated from the possible
effects of other nutrients in this type of study.
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