Hypertension, Vol 9, 429-436, Copyright © 1987 by American Heart Association
RG Victor, WN Leimbach Jr, DR Seals, BG Wallin and AL Mark
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of the cold pressor
test on sympathetic outflow with direct measurements of nerve traffic in
conscious humans and to test the strength of correlation between
sympathetic nerve discharge and the changes in arterial pressure, heart
rate, and plasma norepinephrine. In 25 healthy subjects, arterial pressure,
heart rate, and muscle sympathetic nerve activity were measured with
microelectrodes inserted percutaneously into a peroneal muscle nerve
fascicle in the leg during immersion of the hand in ice water for 2
minutes. Arterial pressure rose steadily during the first and second
minutes of the cold pressor test. Muscle sympathetic activity (burst
frequency X amplitude) did not increase in the first 30 seconds of the test
but increased from 230 +/- 27 to 386 +/- 52 units (mean +/- SE, p less than
0.05) by the end of the first minute of the test and to 574 +/- 73 (p less
than 0.01) during the second minute. In contrast, heart rate increased
maximally during the first 30 seconds of the cold pressor test and returned
to control during the second minute. The increases in heart rate were
abolished by beta-adrenergic blockade. The increases in muscle sympathetic
activity during the cold pressor test were correlated with the increases in
both mean arterial pressure (r = 0.86, p less than 0.01) and peripheral
venous norepinephrine (r = 0.72, p less than 0.05); however, large changes
in nerve traffic were associated with small changes in plasma
norepinephrine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Effects of the cold pressor test on muscle sympathetic nerve activity in humans
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