This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Request Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Balon, T. W. Articles by Nadler, J. L. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Balon, T. W. Articles by Nadler, J. L.

Hypertension, Vol 23, 1036-1039, Copyright © 1994 by American Heart Association

ARTICLES

Dietary magnesium prevents fructose-induced insulin insensitivity in rats

TW Balon, A Jasman, S Scott, WP Meehan, RK Rude and JL Nadler
Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010.

Increased dietary fructose may produce insulin insensitivity and elevate blood pressure in rats. It is possible that the reduced magnesium content of the high-fructose commercial diet used in some studies may play a role in these abnormalities because it is known that magnesium deficiency can produce insulin insensitivity and increased angiotensin II action in humans. To study this, we maintained rats for 9 weeks on either a normal control diet, a standard high-fructose diet, or the same high-fructose diet supplemented with magnesium. Glucose uptake was assessed using a perfused rat hindquarter preparation sequentially with 0, 900, and 120,000 pmol/L of added insulin. Basal serum glucose, plasma insulin, and basal glucose uptake in the absence of insulin were similar among all three groups. However, insulin sensitivity, defined as glucose uptake in the presence of 900 pmol/L insulin minus basal, was depressed in the high-fructose compared with the control group (1.02 +/- 0.38 to 1.77 +/- 0.57 mumol/g per hour, P < .05). In contrast, the high-fructose group supplemented with normal magnesium had similar insulin sensitivity as the control group (2.09 +/- 0.69 mumol/g per hour). Total serum magnesium was reduced in the high- fructose group compared with control or high-fructose plus magnesium- supplemented groups. Blood pressure and fasting insulin levels were also lower in the magnesium-supplemented group. These results suggest that magnesium deficiency and not fructose ingestion per se leads to insulin insensitivity in skeletal muscle and changes in blood pressure.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				R. Villegas, Y.-T. Gao, Q. Dai, G. Yang, H. Cai, H. Li, W. Zheng, and X. O. Shu Dietary calcium and magnesium intakes and the risk of type 2 diabetes: the Shanghai Women's Health Study Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, April 1, 2009; 89(4): 1059 - 1067. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. D'Angelo, A. A. Elmarakby, D. M. Pollock, and D. W. Stepp Fructose Feeding Increases Insulin Resistance but Not Blood Pressure in Sprague-Dawley Rats Hypertension, October 1, 2005; 46(4): 806 - 811. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. V Aminot-Gilchrist and H. D. Anderson Insulin resistance--associated cardiovascular disease: potential benefits of conjugated linoleic acid Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 2004; 79(6): 1159S - 1163S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. Song, J. E. Manson, J. E. Buring, and S. Liu Dietary Magnesium Intake in Relation to Plasma Insulin Levels and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Women Diabetes Care, January 1, 2004; 27(1): 59 - 65. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. L. Nadler A New Dietary Approach to Reduce the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes? Diabetes Care, January 1, 2004; 27(1): 270 - 271. [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Zhao, P. Wang, X. Xiao, J. Chao, L. Chao, D. W. Wang, and D. C. Zeldin Gene Therapy With Human Tissue Kallikrein Reduces Hypertension and Hyperinsulinemia in Fructose-Induced Hypertensive Rats Hypertension, November 1, 2003; 42(5): 1026 - 1033. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Rodriguez-Moran and F. Guerrero-Romero Oral Magnesium Supplementation Improves Insulin Sensitivity and Metabolic Control in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects: A randomized double-blind controlled trial Diabetes Care, April 1, 2003; 26(4): 1147 - 1152. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Konrad and S. Weber Recent Advances in Molecular Genetics of Hereditary Magnesium-Losing Disorders J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., January 1, 2003; 14(1): 249 - 260. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. A. Hammond and R. R. Preston Isolation and Characterization of Magbane, a Magnesium-Lethal Mutant of Paramecium Genetics, July 1, 2001; 158(3): 1061 - 1069. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. G. Preuss, S. T. Jarrell, R. Scheckenbach, S. Lieberman, and R. A. Anderson Comparative Effects of Chromium, Vanadium and Gymnema Sylvestre on Sugar-Induced Blood Pressure Elevations in SHR J. Am. Coll. Nutr., April 1, 1998; 17(2): 116 - 123. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. G. Preuss, M. Zein, P. MacArthy, D. Dipette, S. Sabnis, and J. Knapka Sugar-Induced Blood Pressure Elevations Over the Lifespan of Three Substrains of Wistar Rats J. Am. Coll. Nutr., February 1, 1998; 17(1): 36 - 37. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Rosolova, O. Mayer Jr., and G. Reaven Effect of Variations in Plasma Magnesium Concentration on Resistance to Insulin-Mediated Glucose Disposal in Nondiabetic Subjects J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., November 1, 1997; 82(11): 3783 - 3785. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. L. Nadler, T. W. Balon, and R. Rude Fiber Intake and Risk of Developing Non--insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus JAMA, June 11, 1997; 277(22): 1761 - 1762. [Abstract] [PDF]

				M. Barbagallo, R. K. Gupta, O. Bardicef, M. Bardicef, and L. M. Resnick Altered Ionic Effects of Insulin in Hypertension: Role of Basal Ion Levels in Determining Cellular Responsiveness J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 1997; 82(6): 1761 - 1765. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]