This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Data Supplement All Versions of this Article: 51/5/1259    most recent HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.110924v1 Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Request Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Campbell, D. J. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Campbell, D. J. Related Collections Cardiovascular Pharmacology ACE/Angiotension receptors Animal models of human disease Hypertrophy Type 1 diabetes Receptor pharmacology Other Vascular biology

(Hypertension. 2008;51:1259.)
© 2008 American Heart Association, Inc.

Brief Reviews

Critical Review of Prorenin and (Pro)renin Receptor Research

From the St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research and Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, St Vincent’s Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia.

Correspondence to Duncan J. Campbell, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, 41 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia. E-mail dcampbell@svi.edu.au

An extract of the first 250 words of the full text is provided, because this article has no abstract.

	Introduction

 
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays an important role in cardiovascular and renal physiology and disease, and the benefits of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, angiotensin type 1 receptor blocker, and renin inhibitor therapies are mediated in part by their modification of the levels and actions of angiotensin peptides. Despite its long history, the RAS remains an active area of research. Contrary to the classical view of the RAS as an endocrine system whereby kidney-secreted renin acts on circulating angiotensinogen to produce angiotensin peptides in the circulation, it is now recognized that tissues are the main sites of angiotensin peptide formation by the action of plasma- (kidney-) derived renin on plasma-derived and locally synthesized angiotensinogen.^1–3 A receptor for prorenin and renin was recently identified^4,5 that is hereby referred to as the (pro)renin receptor. Prorenin and (pro)renin receptor research offers the exciting possibility of a new paradigm for the RAS whereby renin and prorenin binding to the (pro)renin receptor not only target and facilitate angiotensin generation but also lead to activation of (pro)renin receptor signal transduction pathways distinct from angiotensin II receptor signals.^6,7 By revealing novel potential mechanisms of disease pathogenesis, this new paradigm offers the possibility of new therapies that may be more effective than those currently available. It also suggests that stimulation of the (pro)renin receptor by the increased renin and prorenin levels that accompany angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, angiotensin type 1 receptor blocker, and renin inhibitor therapies may attenuate the benefits these therapies.^7,8 Recent reviews and editorials have discussed this research.^6,9,10 The . . . [Full Text of this Article]

This article has been cited by other articles:

				D. J. Campbell, H. Karam, J. Menard, P. Bruneval, and J. J. Mullins Prorenin Contributes to Angiotensin Peptide Formation in Transgenic Rats With Rat Prorenin Expression Targeted to the Liver Hypertension, December 1, 2009; 54(6): 1248 - 1253. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Advani, D. J. Kelly, A. J. Cox, K. E. White, S. L. Advani, K. Thai, K. A. Connelly, D. Yuen, J. Trogadis, A. M. Herzenberg, et al. The (Pro)Renin Receptor: Site-Specific and Functional Linkage to the Vacuolar H+-ATPase in the Kidney Hypertension, August 1, 2009; 54(2): 261 - 269. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. L. Wilkinson-Berka and D. J. Campbell (Pro)renin Receptor: A Treatment Target for Diabetic Retinopathy? Diabetes, July 1, 2009; 58(7): 1485 - 1487. [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Wakeel, J. A. Kuriakose, and J. W. McBride An Ehrlichia chaffeensis Tandem Repeat Protein Interacts with Multiple Host Targets Involved in Cell Signaling, Transcriptional Regulation, and Vesicle Trafficking Infect. Immun., May 1, 2009; 77(5): 1734 - 1745. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. J. Campbell, J. Nussberger, M. Stowasser, A.H. J. Danser, A. Morganti, E. Frandsen, and J. Menard Activity Assays and Immunoassays for Plasma Renin and Prorenin: Information Provided and Precautions Necessary for Accurate Measurement Clin. Chem., May 1, 2009; 55(5): 867 - 877. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. L. Wilkinson-Berka Prorenin and the (Pro)renin Receptor in Ocular Pathology Am. J. Pathol., December 1, 2008; 173(6): 1591 - 1594. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. I. Diz Future Directions in Cardiovascular Pharmacology: Examples from the Renin-Angiotensin System Mol. Interv., October 1, 2008; 8(5): 222 - 225. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]