Published Online
on April 24, 2006

A more recent version of this article appeared on June 1, 2006

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Submitted on December 28, 2005
Revised on January 17, 2006

Do Allelic Variants in _2A and _2C Adrenergic Receptors Predispose to Hypertension in Blacks?

Jia-Ling Li; Russell M. Canham; Wanpen Vongpatanasin; David Leonard; Richard J. Auchus; and Ronald G. Victor^*

From the Divisions of Hypertension (J.-L.L., D.L., R.G.V., W.V.), Endocrinology (R.J.A.), and Cardiology (R.M.C.), Department of Internal Medicine, and Donald W. Reynolds Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: Ronald.Victor{at}UTSouthwestern.edu.

Abstract--Sequence variations in the human ₂ adrenergic receptor genes (ADRA2A and ADRA2C) have been implicated as a cause of hypertension in blacks. Although certain alleles are selectively enriched in blacks, their association with hypertension is based on small convenience samples and has not been evaluated in larger populations. From a stratified random population sample of 3398 individuals (52% blacks), we obtained DNA samples together with an in-home health interview, 10 in-home measurements of blood pressure, and cardiac MRI. We tested for associations among hypertension, untreated blood pressure, and parameters of hypertensive heart disease with 2 alleles, a DraI restriction fragment length polymorphism in the ADRA2A gene and a deletion of residues 322 to 325 in the ADRA2C gene. Although both alleles were selectively enriched in this black population, we found no association of either allele with hypertension, untreated blood pressure, or any of the cardiac function parameters. In a logistic model that controlled for age, body mass index, diabetes, and smoking, the adjusted odds ratio (OR) for hypertension was 1.0 (95% CI, 0.8 to 1.2), and 1.0 (95% CI, 0.9 to 1.2) for ADRA2A and ADRA2C variant alleles. In subjects not receiving prescription blood pressure medication, neither of these alleles, alone or in combination, was predictive of blood pressure, heart rate, left ventricular mass, cardiac output, systemic vascular resistance, or aortic compliance. Both the DraI restriction fragment length polymorphism in ADRA2A and the ADRA2C (Del 322 to 325) can be excluded as major candidate alleles for hypertension in blacks.

Key words: hypertension, genetics • receptors, adrenergic alpha • polymorphisms • sympathetic nervous system

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