Hypertension, Vol 10, 67-73, Copyright © 1987 by American Heart Association
AA Abdel-Rahman and WR Wooles
We studied the effect of 12 weeks of ethanol feeding on arterial blood
pressure and baroceptor reflex control of heart rate in Sprague-Dawley and
Wistar rats. Baroceptor reflex sensitivity and pressor responsiveness were
evaluated by evoking graded rises in mean arterial pressure with increasing
doses of phenylephrine and angiotensin II. After 12 weeks of ethanol
feeding there was a modest increase in mean arterial pressure with no
change in heart rate in both strains. When angiotensin II or phenylephrine
was used as the pressor agent, baroreceptor reflex curves (relationships
between changes in mean arterial pressure and heart rate) of Wistar rats
were shifted upward and had a markedly reduced slope compared with those of
control rats, suggesting that impairment of baroreceptor reflex control of
heart rate had occurred. This effect was less evident in the Sprague-Dawley
rats. Ethanol-fed rats had a higher sympathetic activity, since
beta-blockade with propranolol decreased heart rate to a greater degree
than that seen in control rats. The pressor response curve of phenylephrine
was shifted to the right in control rats challenged with ethanol (0.5
g/kg), implying the presence of alpha-blockade. This shift was not present
in ethanol-fed rats, showing that tolerance had developed to this effect of
ethanol. These findings show that attenuation of baroreceptor reflex
function is associated with ethanol-induced hypertension but do not
establish whether this is a cause or an effect of the developed
hypertension.
ARTICLES
Ethanol-induced hypertension involves impairment of baroreceptors
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