Hypertension, Vol 18, 48-55, Copyright © 1991 by American Heart Association
DS Martin, T Segura and JR Haywood
The present study was undertaken to determine whether gamma- aminobutyric
acid in the paraventricular nucleus contributes to the regulation of
cardiovascular function. Blood pressure and heart rate were recorded and
plasma catecholamines were measured in conscious rats receiving
microinfusions of either artificial cerebrospinal fluid or a
gamma-aminobutyric acid antagonist, bicuculline methiodide, bilaterally
into the paraventricular nucleus. Artificial cerebrospinal fluid had no
effect on any of the recorded variables. In contrast, infusion of
bicuculline into the region of the paraventricular nucleus produced
increases in blood pressure (20 +/- 2 mm Hg), heart rate (110 +/- 11
beats/min), and plasma concentrations of norepinephrine (640 +/- 107 pg/ml)
and epinephrine (1,266 +/- 267 pg/ml). Pretreatment with a ganglionic
blocking agent abolished both the blood pressure (-1 +/- 2 mm Hg) and heart
rate (5 +/- 18 beats/min) effects. Bilateral adrenal medullectomy reduced
the changes in plasma norepinephrine concentrations (81 +/- 14 pg/ml)
significantly and abolished the changes in plasma epinephrine
concentrations (5 +/- 4 pg/ml). Conversely, adrenal medullectomy reduced
the pressor effects (18 +/- 2 mm Hg) only slightly while the heart rate
responses were attenuated (42 +/- 9 beats/min) by approximately 50%. These
results suggest that an endogenous gamma-aminobutyric acid system exerts a
tonic inhibitory effect on the sympathetic nervous system at the level of
the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus.
ARTICLES
Cardiovascular responses to bicuculline in the paraventricular nucleus of the rat
Department of Pharmacology, University Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio 78284-7764.
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