Hypertension, Vol 18, 657-664, Copyright © 1991 by American Heart Association
R Armentano, A Simon, J Levenson, NP Chau, JL Megnien and R Pichel
Brachial artery diameter and compliance were measured in 23 normotensive
control subjects and 49 hypertensive patients. The results were compared in
isobaric conditions by a modeling analysis extrapolating from the measured
data a short segment of the pressure- diameter and pressure-compliance
curves in the artery. A logarithmic diameter-pressure function was used as
well as measurements of brachial artery blood pressure and lumen diameter
(by pulsed Doppler), and of brachial-to-radial pulse wave velocity (by
mechanography). The measured values of diameter and compliance in the
hypertensive patients were 109% and 63%, respectively, of the control group
values. By extrapolating the data via the model at the same pressure level
in all subjects (the average level of mean blood pressure of the two
groups), the isobaric values of diameter and compliance in the hypertensive
patients were 107% and 81%, respectively, of the control group values.
Overall, measured isobaric diameters and measured compliance correlated
with systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure values (p less than
0.001), whereas isobaric compliance correlated only with systolic (p less
than 0.05) and pulse (p less than 0.01) pressure values. Thus, the
increased diameter and reduced compliance of the brachial artery observed
in hypertensive humans cannot be attributed solely to the stretching effect
of elevated blood pressure, but also to intrinsic alteration of the
arterial walls. These could represent either adaptative structural or
functional changes secondary to the chronic increase in arterial pressure,
or primary abnormalities of the vessel wall.
ARTICLES
Mechanical pressure versus intrinsic effects of hypertension on large arteries in humans
Centre de Medecine Preventive Cardiovasculaire, INSERM U28, Hopital Broussais, Paris, France.
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