Hypertension, Vol 19, 621-627, Copyright © 1992 by American Heart Association
EA Anderson, TW Balon, RP Hoffman, CA Sinkey and AL Mark
We have previously demonstrated that physiological hyperinsulinemia in
normotensive humans increases sympathetic nerve activity but not arterial
pressure since it also causes skeletal muscle vasodilation. However, in the
presence of insulin resistance and/or hypertension, insulin may cause
exaggerated sympathetic activation or impaired vasodilation and thus
elevate arterial pressure. This study sought to determine if insulin causes
a pressor response in borderline hypertensive humans by producing
exaggerated increases in sympathetic neural outflow or impaired
vasodilation. We recorded muscle sympathetic nerve activity
(microneurography, peroneal nerve), forearm blood flow, heart rate, and
blood pressure in 13 borderline hypertensive subjects during a 1-hour
insulin infusion (38 microunits/m2/min) while holding blood glucose
constant. Plasma insulin rose from 12 +/- 3 microunits/ml (mean +/- SEM)
during control to 73 +/- 7 microunits/ml during insulin infusion and fell
to 9 +/- 2 microunits/ml 2 hours after insulin infusion was stopped. Muscle
sympathetic nerve activity, which averaged 25 +/- 2 bursts per minute in
control, increased significantly during insulin infusion (+9 bursts per
minute) and remained elevated 1.5 hours into recovery (+7 bursts per
minute, p less than 0.001). Despite increased muscle sympathetic nerve
activity, there were significant (p less than 0.001) increases in forearm
blood flow and decreases in forearm vascular resistance during insulin
infusion. Further, systolic and diastolic pressures fell approximately 3
and 6 mm Hg, respectively, during insulin infusion (p less than 0.01). This
study suggests that acute physiological increases in plasma insulin elevate
sympathetic neural outflow in borderline hypertensive humans but produce
vasodilation and do not elevate arterial pressure.
ARTICLES
Insulin increases sympathetic activity but not blood pressure in borderline hypertensive humans
Department of Anesthesia, College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242.
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  G. Grassi Assessment of Sympathetic Cardiovascular Drive in Human Hypertension: Achievements and Perspectives Hypertension, October 1, 2009; 54(4): 690 - 697. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. V. Agapitov, M. L. d. G. Correia, C. A. Sinkey, and W. G. Haynes Dissociation Between Sympathetic Nerve Traffic and Sympathetically Mediated Vascular Tone in Normotensive Human Obesity Hypertension, October 1, 2008; 52(4): 687 - 695. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. C. Mistry, A. L. Maes, K. C. Lasseter, M. J. Davies, K. M. Gottesdiener, J. A. Wagner, and G. A. Herman Effect of Sitagliptin, a Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor, on Blood Pressure in Nondiabetic Patients With Mild to Moderate Hypertension J. Clin. Pharmacol., May 1, 2008; 48(5): 592 - 598. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Tiwari, S. Riazi, and C. A. Ecelbarger Insulin's impact on renal sodium transport and blood pressure in health, obesity, and diabetes Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, October 1, 2007; 293(4): F974 - F984. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Iellamo, M. Tesauro, S. Rizza, S. Aquilani, C. Cardillo, M. Iantorno, M. Turriziani, and R. Lauro Concomitant Impairment in Endothelial Function and Neural Cardiovascular Regulation in Offspring of Type 2 Diabetic Subjects Hypertension, September 1, 2006; 48(3): 418 - 423. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Grassi, A. Facchini, F. Q. Trevano, R. Dell'Oro, F. Arenare, F. Tana, G. Bolla, A. Monzani, M. Robuschi, and G. Mancia Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Dependent and -Independent Adrenergic Activation in Obesity Hypertension, August 1, 2005; 46(2): 321 - 325. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. A. Banday, M. Asghar, T. Hussain, and M. F. Lokhandwala Dopamine-Mediated Inhibition of Renal Na,K-ATPase Is Reduced by Insulin Hypertension, June 1, 2003; 41(6): 1353 - 1358. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Frontoni, D. Bracaglia, A. Baroni, F. Pellegrini, M. Perna, E. Cicconetti, G. Ciampittiello, G. Menzinger, and S. Gambardella Early Autonomic Dysfunction in Glucose-Tolerant but Insulin-Resistant Offspring of Type 2 Diabetic Patients Hypertension, June 1, 2003; 41(6): 1223 - 1227. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Takagi, Y. Tanaka, Y. Yamasaki, M. Yamamoto, M. Hori, T. Nakaniwa, M. Niwa, H. Uchino, Y. Tamura, T. Nomiyama, et al. Responsiveness of insulin-induced cardiac sympathetic nerve activation associates with blood pressure regulation in diabetics Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, May 1, 2003; 284(5): E1022 - E1026. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C.-H. Wang, R. D. Weisel, P. P. Liu, P. W.M. Fedak, and S. Verma Glitazones and Heart Failure: Critical Appraisal for the Clinician Circulation, March 18, 2003; 107(10): 1350 - 1354. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Weyer, R. E. Pratley, S. Snitker, M. Spraul, E. Ravussin, and P. A. Tataranni Ethnic Differences in Insulinemia and Sympathetic Tone as Links Between Obesity and Blood Pressure Hypertension, October 1, 2000; 36(4): 531 - 537. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Masuo, H. Mikami, T. Ogihara, and M. L. Tuck Weight Gain-Induced Blood Pressure Elevation Hypertension, May 1, 2000; 35(5): 1135 - 1140. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Z. Zemva and A. Zemva Ventricular Ectopic Activity, Left Ventricular Mass, Hyperinsulinemia, and Intracellular Magnesium in Normotensive Patients with Obesity Angiology, February 1, 2000; 51(2): 101 - 106. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Verdecchia, G. Reboldi, G. Schillaci, C. Borgioni, A. Ciucci, M. P. Telera, F. Santeusanio, C. Porcellati, and P. Brunetti Circulating Insulin and Insulin Growth Factor-1 Are Independent Determinants of Left Ventricular Mass and Geometry in Essential Hypertension Circulation, October 26, 1999; 100(17): 1802 - 1807. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. J. Berger and R. J. Barnard Effect of diet on fat cell size and hormone-sensitive lipase activity J Appl Physiol, July 1, 1999; 87(1): 227 - 232. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Van De Borne, M. Hausberg, R. P. Hoffman, A. L. Mark, and E. A. Anderson Hyperinsulinemia produces cardiac vagal withdrawal and nonuniform sympathetic activation in normal subjects Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, January 1, 1999; 276(1): R178 - R183. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. A. Phillips, L. R. Krakoff, A. Dunaif, D. T. Finegood, R. Gorlin, and S. Shimabukuro Relation among Left Ventricular Mass, Insulin Resistance, and Blood Pressure in Nonobese Subjects J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., December 1, 1998; 83(12): 4284 - 4288. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. S. Paramore, C. G. Fanelli, S. D. Shah, and P. E. Cryer Forearm norepinephrine spillover during standing, hyperinsulinemia, and hypoglycemia Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, November 1, 1998; 275(5): E872 - E881. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
U. Scherrer and C. Sartori Insulin as a Vascular and Sympathoexcitatory Hormone : Implications for Blood Pressure Regulation, Insulin Sensitivity, and Cardiovascular Morbidity Circulation, December 2, 1997; 96(11): 4104 - 4113. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. R. G. Ferreira, L. J. Franco, S. G. A. Gimeno, L. C. Iochida, and M. Iunes Is Insulin or Its Precursor Independently Associated With Hypertension? : An Epidemiological Study in Japanese-Brazilians Hypertension, September 1, 1997; 30(3): 641 - 645. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Hausberg, R. P. Hoffman, V. K. Somers, C. A. Sinkey, A. L. Mark, and E. A. Anderson Contrasting Autonomic and Hemodynamic Effects of Insulin in Healthy Elderly Versus Young Subjects Hypertension, March 1, 1997; 29(3): 700 - 705. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Ikeda, T. Gomi, N. Hirawa, J. Sakurai, and N. Yoshikawa Improvement of Insulin Sensitivity Contributes to Blood Pressure Reduction After Weight Loss in Hypertensive Subjects With Obesity Hypertension, May 1, 1996; 27(5): 1180 - 1186. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Gudbjornsdottir, P. Lonnroth, Y. B. Sverrisdottir, B. G. Wallin, and M. Elam Sympathetic Nerve Activity and Insulin in Obese Normotensive and Hypertensive Men Hypertension, February 1, 1996; 27(2): 276 - 280. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. M. O'Shaughnessy, T. J. Myers, K. Stepniakowski, P. Nazzaro, T. M. Kelly, R. G. Hoffmann, B. M. Egan, and A. H. Kissebah Glucose Metabolism in Abdominally Obese Hypertensive and Normotensive Subjects Hypertension, July 1, 1995; 26(1): 186 - 192. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
U. L. Hulthen, T. Endre, I. Mattiasson, and G. Berglund Insulin and Forearm Vasodilation in Hypertension-Prone Men Hypertension, February 1, 1995; 25(2): 214 - 218. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|