Hypertension, Vol 21, 1024-1029, Copyright © 1993 by American Heart Association
JL Nadler, T Buchanan, R Natarajan, I Antonipillai, R Bergman and R Rude
Evidence suggests that magnesium deficiency may play an important role in
cardiovascular disease. In this study, we evaluated the effects of a
magnesium infusion and dietary-induced isolated magnesium deficiency on the
production of thromboxane and on angiotensin II-mediated aldosterone
synthesis in normal human subjects. Because insulin resistance may be
associated with altered blood pressure, we also measured insulin
sensitivity using an intravenous glucose tolerance test with minimal model
analysis in six subjects. The magnesium infusion reduced urinary
thromboxane concentration and angiotensin II- induced plasma aldosterone
levels. The low magnesium diet reduced both serum magnesium and
intracellular free magnesium in red blood cells as determined by nuclear
magnetic resonance (186 +/- 10 [SEM] to 127 +/- 9 mM, p < 0.01). Urinary
thromboxane concentration measured by radioimmunoassay increased after
magnesium deficiency. Similarly, angiotensin II-induced plasma aldosterone
concentration increased after magnesium deficiency. Analysis showed that
all subjects studied had a decrease in insulin sensitivity after magnesium
deficiency (3.69 +/- 0.6 to 2.75 +/- 0.5 min-1 per microunit per milliliter
x 10(-4), p < 0.03). We conclude that dietary-induced magnesium
deficiency 1) increases thromboxane urinary concentration and 2) enhances
angiotensin- induced aldosterone synthesis. These effects are associated
with a decrease in insulin action, suggesting that magnesium deficiency may
be a common factor associated with insulin resistance and vascular disease.
ARTICLES
Magnesium deficiency produces insulin resistance and increased thromboxane synthesis
Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, Calif. 91010.
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