Hypertension, Vol 22, 84-89, Copyright © 1993 by American Heart Association
AK Manatunga, JJ Jones and JH Pratt
The prevalence of hypertension is greater for blacks than whites. Whether
black children have higher blood pressure than white children is less
clear. We investigated this issue through a prospective longitudinal
assessment of blood pressure in 345 white children and 164 black children.
Each child had his or her blood pressure measured every 6 months for 2 to
5.5 years. The means for systolic and diastolic blood pressures for each
individual were calculated, and the rate of change in blood pressure over
time for each subject was estimated. The mean blood pressure and the mean
rate were compared between gender-specific black and white groups. For both
boys and girls, the mean systolic blood pressure was 2 mm Hg higher in
black children than white children (P = .0008). Boys had a higher systolic
blood pressure than girls (P = .0048). The mean diastolic blood pressure
was 1.5 mm Hg higher in black children than in white children (P = .0270);
no significant gender difference in diastolic blood pressure was observed.
Age, weight, height, and body mass index were highly correlated with blood
pressure. When accounting for these variables, for girls the racial
difference in systolic blood pressure remained significant, whereas the
difference in diastolic blood pressure in boys and girls was no longer
significant. The rate of increase in blood pressure over time was
significantly greater in blacks than whites: for systolic blood pressure, P
= .0002, and for diastolic blood pressure, P = .009.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT
250 WORDS)
ARTICLES
Longitudinal assessment of blood pressures in black and white children
Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis 46202-5111.
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  J. Jung, T. M. Foroud, G. J. Eckert, L. Flury-Wetherill, H. J. Edenberg, X. Xuei, S.-A. Zaidi, and J. H. Pratt Association of the Calcium-Sensing Receptor Gene with Blood Pressure and Urinary Calcium in African-Americans J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., March 1, 2009; 94(3): 1042 - 1048. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W. Wang, X. Liao, K. Fukuda, S. Knappe, F. Wu, D. L. Dries, J. Qin, and Q. Wu Corin Variant Associated With Hypertension and Cardiac Hypertrophy Exhibits Impaired Zymogen Activation and Natriuretic Peptide Processing Activity Circ. Res., August 29, 2008; 103(5): 502 - 508. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T.-Y. Chun, L. Bankir, G. J. Eckert, D. G. Bichet, C. Saha, S.-A. Zaidi, M. A. Wagner, and J. H. Pratt Ethnic Differences in Renal Responses to Furosemide Hypertension, August 1, 2008; 52(2): 241 - 248. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 X. Chen and Y. Wang Tracking of Blood Pressure From Childhood to Adulthood: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression Analysis Circulation, June 24, 2008; 117(25): 3171 - 3180. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. R. Shankar, G. J. Eckert, C. Saha, W. Tu, and J. H. Pratt The Change in Blood Pressure during Pubertal Growth J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., January 1, 2005; 90(1): 163 - 167. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Palacios, K. Wigertz, B. R. Martin, L. Jackman, J. H. Pratt, M. Peacock, G. McCabe, and C. M. Weaver Sodium Retention in Black and White Female Adolescents in Response to Salt Intake J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., April 1, 2004; 89(4): 1858 - 1863. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Snieder, G. A. Harshfield, and F. A. Treiber Heritability of Blood Pressure and Hemodynamics in African- and European-American Youth Hypertension, June 1, 2003; 41(6): 1196 - 1201. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. H. Pratt, W. T. Ambrosius, R. Agarwal, G. J. Eckert, and S. Newman Racial Difference in the Activity of the Amiloride-Sensitive Epithelial Sodium Channel Hypertension, December 1, 2002; 40(6): 903 - 908. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Jain, X. Tang, C. S. Narayanan, Y. Agarwal, S. M. Peterson, C. D. Brown, J. Ott, and A. Kumar Angiotensinogen Gene Polymorphism at -217 Affects Basal Promoter Activity and Is Associated with Hypertension in African-Americans J. Biol. Chem., September 20, 2002; 277(39): 36889 - 36896. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. V. Diez Roux, L. Chambless, S. S. Merkin, D. Arnett, M. Eigenbrodt, F. J. Nieto, M. Szklo, and P. Sorlie Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Change in Blood Pressure Associated With Aging Circulation, August 6, 2002; 106(6): 703 - 710. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. H. Pratt, G. J. Eckert, S. Newman, and W. T. Ambrosius Blood Pressure Responses to Small Doses of Amiloride and Spironolactone in Normotensive Subjects Hypertension, November 1, 2001; 38(5): 1124 - 1129. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. G. Luke Hypertensive nephrosclerosis: pathogenesis and prevalence : Essential hypertension is an important cause of end-stage renal disease Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., October 1, 1999; 14(10): 2271 - 2278. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. T. Ambrosius, L. J. Bloem, L. Zhou, J. F. Rebhun, P. M. Snyder, M. A. Wagner, C. Guo, and J. H. Pratt Genetic Variants in the Epithelial Sodium Channel in Relation to Aldosterone and Potassium Excretion and Risk for Hypertension Hypertension, October 1, 1999; 34(4): 631 - 637. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. H. Pratt, J. F. Rebhun, L. Zhou, W. T. Ambrosius, S. A. Newman, C. E. Gomez-Sanchez, and D. F. Mayes Levels of Mineralocorticoids in Whites and Blacks Hypertension, August 1, 1999; 34(2): 315 - 319. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. H. Pratt, W. T. Ambrosius, D. A. Tewksbury, M. A. Wagner, L. Zhou, and M. P. Hanna Serum Angiotensinogen Concentration in Relation to Gonadal Hormones, Body Size, and Genotype in Growing Young People Hypertension, November 1, 1998; 32(5): 875 - 879. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. C. Hunt, N. R. Cook, A. Oberman, J. A. Cutler, C. H. Hennekens, P. S. Allender, W. G. Walker, P. K. Whelton, and R. R. Williams Angiotensinogen Genotype, Sodium Reduction, Weight Loss, and Prevention of Hypertension : Trials of Hypertension Prevention, Phase II Hypertension, September 1, 1998; 32(3): 393 - 401. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. He, M. J. Klag, L. J. Appel, J. Charleston, and P. K. Whelton Seven-Year Incidence of Hypertension in a Cohort of Middle-Aged African Americans and Whites Hypertension, May 1, 1998; 31(5): 1130 - 1135. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. R. Daniels, R. P. McMahon, E. Obarzanek, M. A. Waclawiw, S. L. Similo, F. M. Biro, G. B. Schreiber, S. Y. S. Kimm, J. A. Morrison, and B. A. Barton Longitudinal Correlates of Change in Blood Pressure in Adolescent Girls Hypertension, January 1, 1998; 31(1): 97 - 103. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. J. Bloem, T. M. Foroud, W. T. Ambrosius, M. P. Hanna, D. A. Tewksbury, and J. H. Pratt Association of the Angiotensinogen Gene to Serum Angiotensinogen in Blacks and Whites Hypertension, May 1, 1997; 29(5): 1078 - 1082. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Liu, K. J. Ruth, J. M. Flack, R. Jones-Webb, G. Burke, P. J. Savage, and S. B. Hulley Blood Pressure in Young Blacks and Whites: Relevance of Obesity and Lifestyle Factors in Determining Differences : The CARDIA Study Circulation, January 1, 1996; 93(1): 60 - 66. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. J. Bloem, A. K. Manatunga, and J. H. Pratt Racial Difference in the Relationship of an Angiotensin I–Converting Enzyme Gene Polymorphism to Serum Angiotensin I– Converting Enzyme Activity Hypertension, January 1, 1996; 27(1): 62 - 66. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|