This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Request Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Hunter, J. J. Articles by Chien, K. R. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Hunter, J. J. Articles by Chien, K. R.

Hypertension, Vol 22, 608-617, Copyright © 1993 by American Heart Association

ARTICLES

Targeting gene expression to specific cardiovascular cell types in transgenic mice

JJ Hunter, H Zhu, KJ Lee, S Kubalak and KR Chien
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla 92093-0613.

Transgenic techniques, which allow the introduction of exogenous genes into the genome of experimental animals, promise to bridge the gap between the in vitro observations made by molecular and cellular biologists on cardiac and vascular cells in tissue culture and the physiology and pathology of the whole organ system. One such application of these techniques is tissue targeting: by genetic manipulation to direct expression of a protein--such as a signaling peptide, a growth factor receptor, or an oncogene involved in cell growth--to a tissue where it normally would not be expressed (or where expression is tightly controlled) by fusing it to the transcriptional control sequences of another gene normally expressed in that tissue. In the cardiovascular system, regulatory sequences for cardiomyocyte- specific proteins, vascular endothelium-specific proteins, and smooth muscle-specific proteins can be used to target heterologous genes to their respective tissues in transgenic animals. The effects that such perturbations have on organ physiology and intracellular and intercellular communication can be observed by applying established physiological and molecular approaches. In this review, we highlight some tissue-specific genes from cardiac and vascular cell types whose regulatory sequences may be used to target heterologous proteins; we discuss neutral "reporter" proteins and signal transduction components as paradigms for the application of this technique; and we briefly touch on the potentials and pitfalls of transgenic approaches to molecular physiology.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				M. Khairallah, F. Labarthe, B. Bouchard, G. Danialou, B. J. Petrof, and C. Des Rosiers Profiling substrate fluxes in the isolated working mouse heart using 13C-labeled substrates: focusing on the origin and fate of pyruvate and citrate carbons Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, April 1, 2004; 286(4): H1461 - H1470. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. E. Quaggin A "Molecular Toolbox" for the Nephrologist J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., June 1, 2002; 13(6): 1682 - 1685. [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. S. Park, S. E. Woodman, W. Schubert, A. W. Cohen, P. G. Frank, M. Chandra, J. Shirani, B. Razani, B. Tang, L. A. Jelicks, et al. Caveolin-1/3 Double-Knockout Mice Are Viable, but Lack Both Muscle and Non-Muscle Caveolae, and Develop a Severe Cardiomyopathic Phenotype Am. J. Pathol., June 1, 2002; 160(6): 2207 - 2217. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. J. Hunter and K. R. Chien Signaling Pathways for Cardiac Hypertrophy and Failure N. Engl. J. Med., October 21, 1999; 341(17): 1276 - 1283. [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. S Mitcheson, J. C Hancox, and A. J Levi Cultured adult cardiac myocytes: Future applications, culture methods, morphological and electrophysiological properties Cardiovasc Res, August 1, 1998; 39(2): 280 - 300. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J Hescheler, B.K Fleischmann, S Lentini, V.A Maltsev, J Rohwedel, A.M Wobus, and K Addicks Embryonic stem cells: a model to study structural and functional properties in cardiomyogenesis Cardiovasc Res, November 1, 1997; 36(2): 149 - 162. [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Wiesel, L. Mazzolai, J. Nussberger, and T. Pedrazzini Two-Kidney, One Clip and One-Kidney, One Clip Hypertension in Mice Hypertension, April 1, 1997; 29(4): 1025 - 1030. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				Z. Yu, C. S. Redfern, and G. I. Fishman Conditional Transgene Expression in the Heart Circ. Res., October 1, 1996; 79(4): 691 - 697. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				A. H. Schulick, G. Dong, K. D. Newman, R. Virmani, and D. A. Dichek Endothelium-Specific In Vivo Gene Transfer Circ. Res., September 1, 1995; 77(3): 475 - 485. [Abstract] [Full Text]