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(Hypertension. 1996;27:591-597.)
© 1996 American Heart Association, Inc.

Articles

Role of Area Postrema in Transgene Hypertension

David B. Averill; Kiyoshi Matsumura; Detlev Ganten; Carlos M. Ferrario

From the Hypertension Center, Division of Surgical Sciences, The Bowman Gray School of Medicine of Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, and the Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin, Berlin-Buch, Germany.

Abstract Transgenic [Tg(+)] rats carrying the mouse Ren-2^d gene [(mRen-2^d)27] are a newly established monogenetic form of experimental hypertension. To determine whether the area postrema contributes to the development of hypertension in mRen-2 Tg(+) rats, this circumventricular organ in the fourth ventricle was removed from 5-week-old Tg(+) rats. From weeks 4 through 9, systolic blood pressure was measured weekly by tail-cuff plethysmography in area postrema–lesioned and sham-lesioned Tg(+) rats. Although systolic blood pressure rose markedly in sham-lesioned Tg(+) rats, the increase in systolic blood pressure was significantly attenuated in area postrema–lesioned Tg(+) rats. At 9 weeks of age, a femoral artery was cannulated for the measurement of arterial pressure in awake rats. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) in area postrema–lesioned Tg(+) rats was significantly (P<.01) lower than that in sham-lesioned rats: 171±7 and 132±5 mm Hg, respectively. Baroreceptor reflex was evaluated by intravenous infusion of sodium nitroprusside. There was no significant difference in baroreceptor reflex sensitivity between the two groups. Intravenous pentolinium (5 mg/kg), used to produce sympathetic ganglionic block, caused significant decreases in MAP in both groups. However, the reduction of MAP in the sham-lesioned group was significantly (P<.05) greater than that in the area postrema–lesioned group: -73±4 and -48±6 mm Hg, respectively. The ratio of left ventricular weight to body weight in sham-lesioned Tg(+) rats was significantly larger than that of area postrema–lesioned rats. These results suggest that ablation of the area postrema markedly attenuates the development of hypertension in mRen-2^d Tg(+) rats, and this attenuation may be attributed to decrease in sympathetic outflow.

Key Words: area postrema • pressor receptors • hypertrophy, left ventricular • sympathetic nervous system • transgenic rats

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