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(Hypertension. 1997;29:999-1006.)
© 1997 American Heart Association, Inc.
Articles |
Calcification of Medial Elastic Fibers and Aortic Elasticity
From Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Cardio-vasculaire, Faculté de Pharmacie de l'Université Henri Poincaré, Nancy (N.N., I.L.-I., P.G., J.A.), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U14, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy (C.D., R.P.), France.
Correspondence to Jeffrey Atkinson, Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Cardio-vasculaire, Faculté de Pharmacie de l'Université Henri Poincaré, Nancy I, 5 rue Albert Lebrun, 54000 Nancy, France. E-mail atkinson{at}pharma.u-nancy.fr
Abstract We tested the hypothesis that a simple change in wall composition (medial calcium overload of elastic fibers) can decrease aortic elasticity. Calcium overload was produced by hypervitaminosis D plus nicotine (VDN) in the young rat. Two months later, measurement of central aortic mean blood pressure in the unanesthetized, unrestrained rat showed that the VDN rat suffered from isolated systolic hypertension but that mean blood pressure was normal. Wall thickness and internal diameter determined after in situ pressurized fixation were unchanged, as was calculated wall stress. Wall stiffness was estimated from (1) elastic modulus (determined with the Moens-Korteweg equation and values for aortic pulse wave velocity in the unanesthetized, unrestrained rat and arterial dimensions) and (2) isobaric elasticity (=slope relating pulse wave velocity to mean intraluminal pressure in the phenylephrine-infused, pithed rat preparation). Both increased after VDN, and both were significantly correlated to the wall content of calcium and the elastin-specific amino acids desmosine and isodesmosine. Left ventricular hypertrophy occurred in the VDN model, and left ventricular mass was related to isobaric elasticity. In conclusion, elastocalcinosis induces destruction of elastic fibers, which leads to arterial stiffness, and the latter may be involved in the development of left ventricular hypertrophy in a normotensive model.
Key Words: pulse wave • elasticity • rats • desmosine • cholecalciferol • calcium
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