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(Hypertension. 1999;33:548-553.)
© 1999 American Heart Association, Inc.

Scientific Contributions

Clonidine Prevents Insulin Resistance and Hypertension in Obese Dogs

Albert P. Rocchini; Hui Z. Mao; Keshava Babu; Paul Marker; Albert J. Rocchini

From the Division of Pediatric Cardiology (A.P.R.), University of Michigan (Ann Arbor); Division of Pediatric Cardiology (P.M.), Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota (Minneapolis); and Division of Pediatric Cardiology (H.Z.M., A.J.R., K.B.), Children's Memorial Hospital and Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill.

Correspondence to Albert P. Rocchini, MD, Pediatric Cardiology, C.S. Mott Hospital, University of Michigan Medical Center, F1310 MCHC, Box 0204, 1500 East Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0204. E-mail rocchini{at}umich.edu

Abstract—The role that the central sympathetic nervous system plays in the development of obesity hypertension and insulin was evaluated by feeding dogs a high fat diet with or without clonidine treatment. Thirteen adult mongrel dogs were chronically instrumented and randomly assigned to receive either a high fat diet and no clonidine (n=6) or a high fat diet plus clonidine (n=7), 0.3 mg BID. Blood pressure, heart rate, plasma insulin, and electrolytes were measured daily. Insulin resistance was assessed with a multiple-dose euglycemic clamp (1, 2, and 30 mU · kg^-1 · min^-1) before and after 1, 3, and 6 weeks of the high fat diet. Clonidine prevented the hypertension, tachycardia, and insulin resistance associated with feeding dogs the high fat diet but did not affect weight gain. The present study suggests that the central sympathetic nervous system plays a critical role in the development of both insulin resistance and hypertension associated with feeding dogs a high fat diet.

Key Words: hypertension, arterial • obesity • insulin resistance • clonidine • sympathetic nervous system • cardiac output

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