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(Hypertension. 2000;36:866.)
© 2000 American Heart Association, Inc.

Scientific Contributions

Brachial Vascular Reactivity in Blacks

Daniel Perregaux; Ajay Chaudhuri; Suresh Rao; Anshul Airen; Michael Wilson; Bong-Hee Sung; Paresh Dandona

From the Divisions of Endocrinology, Metabolism (D.P., A.C., S.R., A.A., P.D.), and Cardiology (M.W., B.-H.S.), State University of New York at Buffalo.

Correspondence to Paresh Dandona, MD, Director, Diabetes Endocrinology Center of Western New York, 3 Gates Circle, Buffalo, NY 14209. E-mail pdandona{at}mfhs.edu

Abstract—Endothelial function was studied ultrasonographically in a healthy subset of African Americans (blacks) because they have an increased risk of hypertension and vascular disease. Twenty-four healthy black and 28 well-matched white subjects were investigated. Ischemia was induced by inflating a cuff over the forearm to 40 mm Hg higher than systolic pressure for 5 minutes. Brachial artery diameter and blood flow velocity were measured at baseline and at 15, 45, and 60 seconds after deflation by use of an Acuson 128XP10 ultrasonograph with a 7.5 MHz transducer. Mean postischemic dilatation, an index of endothelial function, was 1.76±0.56% in blacks and 8.79±1.22% in whites (P<0.001). Median postischemic vasodilatation in black men [0% (0% to 2.86%)] was not significantly different to that in black women [0.82% (0% to 3.14%)], whereas white women [11.48% (8.70% to 14.29%)] dilated significantly more than white men [4.20% (2.13% to 5.56%)] (P<0.05). Both groups dilated significantly over baseline diameter to sublingual nitroglycerin administration 18.7±2.5% (blacks) and 20.2±3.2% (whites; P=NS). Mean hyperemic responses did not differ significantly between the 2 subject groups, nor did they differ between men and women of both ethnic groups. We conclude that endothelium-dependent vasodilatation is significantly impaired in healthy, young blacks compared with whites and that gender differences are not seen in blacks with regard to this phenomenon. An impairment in endothelium-dependent NO generation may be a contributing factor to future hypertension and vascular disease in healthy blacks.

Key Words: blacks • vascular reactivity • ultrasonography • endothelium • vasodilation • nitric oxide

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