Published online before print September 2, 2003, doi: 10.1161/01.HYP.0000090360.78539.CD
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Hypertension. 2003;42:468.)
© 2003 American Heart Association, Inc.
Scientific Contributions |
Measures of Obesity Are Associated With Vascular Stiffness in Young and Older Adults
From the Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh (R.P.W., R.H.M., T.T., K.S.-T.), Pittsburgh, Pa, and the Division of Renal Diseases, Rhode Island Hospital (A.B.), Providence, RI.
Correspondence to Kim Sutton-Tyrrell, DrPH, University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, 127 Parran Hall, 130 DeSoto St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261. E-mail tyrrell{at}edc.pitt.edu
Obesity has reached epidemic levels and carries a risk for cardiovascular disease. Obesity’s effects on the vascular systems of young adults and African Americans have not been well characterized. The aim of this study was to assess the association between measures of obesity and aortic stiffness in 186 young adults (20 to 40 years, 50% African American) and 177 older adults (41 to 70 years, 33% African American). Aortic stiffness was measured by aortic pulse-wave velocity. The median pulse-wave velocity value was 468 cm/s for young adults and 627 cm/s for older adults (P<0.001). Higher body weight, body mass index, waist and hip circumferences, and waist-hip ratio were strongly correlated with higher pulse-wave velocity, independent of age, systolic blood pressure, race, and sex overall and among both age groups (P<0.01 for all). Even among the 20- to 30-year-olds, obese individuals (body mass index>30) had a mean pulse-wave velocity value 47 cm/s higher than did nonobese individuals (P<0.001). Obesity measures were among the strongest independent predictors of pulse-wave velocity overall and for both age groups. Results were consistent by race. In conclusion, excess body weight is associated with higher aortic stiffness in whites and African Americans as young as 20 to 30 years. The strength of the association, the early age at which it appears, and the prevalence of obesity among the young warn of substantially increased cardiovascular disease incidence as this cohort ages.
Key Words: arteriosclerosis • compliance • elasticity • insulin resistance • obesity • young adults
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  A. S. Fjeldstad, P. S. Montgomery, and A. W. Gardner Age-Related Differences in Arterial Compliance Are Independent of Body Mass Index Angiology, August 1, 2008; 59(4): 454 - 458. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Delgado-Aros, M. Camilleri, M. A. Garcia, D. Burton, and I. Busciglio High body mass alters colonic sensory-motor function and transit in humans Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, August 1, 2008; 295(2): G382 - G388. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. S. Orr, C. L. Gentile, B. M. Davy, and K. P. Davy Large Artery Stiffening With Weight Gain in Humans: Role of Visceral Fat Accumulation Hypertension, June 1, 2008; 51(6): 1519 - 1524. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Thalmann and C. A. Meier Local adipose tissue depots as cardiovascular risk factors Cardiovasc Res, September 1, 2007; 75(4): 690 - 701. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. S Acree, P. S Montgomery, and A. W Gardner The influence of obesity on arterial compliance in adult men and women Vascular Medicine, August 1, 2007; 12(3): 183 - 188. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Burattini and P. O. Di Salvia Development of systemic arterial mechanical properties from infancy to adulthood interpreted by four-element windkessel models J Appl Physiol, July 1, 2007; 103(1): 66 - 79. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Cosson, M. Herisse, D. Laude, F. Thomas, P. Valensi, J.-R. Attali, M. E. Safar, and H. Dabire Aortic stiffness and pulse pressure amplification in Wistar-Kyoto and spontaneously hypertensive rats Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, May 1, 2007; 292(5): H2506 - H2512. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. S. Fjeldstad, C. Fjeldstad, L. S. Acree, K. J. Nickel, P. S. Montgomery, P. C. Comp, T. L. Whitsett, and A. W. Gardner The Relationship Between Arterial Elasticity and Metabolic Syndrome Features Angiology, February 1, 2007; 58(1): 5 - 10. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Barinas-Mitchell, L. H. Kuller, K. Sutton-Tyrrell, R. Hegazi, P. Harper, J. Mancino, and D. E. Kelley Effect of Weight Loss and Nutritional Intervention on Arterial Stiffness in Type 2 Diabetes Diabetes Care, October 1, 2006; 29(10): 2218 - 2222. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Labat, R. S. A. Cunha, P. Challande, M. E. Safar, and P. Lacolley Respective contribution of age, mean arterial pressure, and body weight on central arterial distensibility in SHR Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, April 1, 2006; 290(4): H1534 - H1539. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. E. Safar, S. Czernichow, and J. Blacher Obesity, Arterial Stiffness, and Cardiovascular Risk J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., April 1, 2006; 17(4_suppl_2): S109 - S111. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Juonala, M. J. Jarvisalo, N. Maki-Torkko, M. Kahonen, J. S.A. Viikari, and O. T. Raitakari Risk Factors Identified in Childhood and Decreased Carotid Artery Elasticity in Adulthood: The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study Circulation, September 6, 2005; 112(10): 1486 - 1493. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Gungor, T. Thompson, K. Sutton-Tyrrell, J. Janosky, and S. Arslanian Early Signs of Cardiovascular Disease in Youth With Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Diabetes Care, May 1, 2005; 28(5): 1219 - 1221. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. D. Christou, C. L. Gentile, C. A. DeSouza, D. R. Seals, and P. E. Gates Fatness Is a Better Predictor of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factor Profile Than Aerobic Fitness in Healthy Men Circulation, April 19, 2005; 111(15): 1904 - 1914. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Diamant, H. J. Lamb, M. A. van de Ree, E. L. Endert, Y. Groeneveld, M. L. Bots, P. J. Kostense, and J. K. Radder The Association between Abdominal Visceral Fat and Carotid Stiffness Is Mediated by Circulating Inflammatory Markers in Uncomplicated Type 2 Diabetes J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., March 1, 2005; 90(3): 1495 - 1501. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. P. Wildman, G. N. Farhat, A. S. Patel, R. H. Mackey, S. Brockwell, T. Thompson, and K. Sutton-Tyrrell Weight Change Is Associated With Change in Arterial Stiffness Among Healthy Young Adults Hypertension, February 1, 2005; 45(2): 187 - 192. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. R. Seals and P. E. Gates Stiffening Our Resolve Against Adult Weight Gain Hypertension, February 1, 2005; 45(2): 175 - 177. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. P. Wildman, V. Mehta, T. Thompson, S. Brockwell, and K. Sutton-Tyrrell Obesity Is Associated With Larger Arterial Diameters in Caucasian and African-American Young Adults Diabetes Care, December 1, 2004; 27(12): 2997 - 2999. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. Wiesmann, S. E. Petersen, P. M. Leeson, J. M. Francis, M. D. Robson, Q. Wang, R. Choudhury, K. M. Channon, and S. Neubauer Global impairment of brachial, carotid, and aortic vascular function in young smokers: Direct quantification by high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., November 16, 2004; 44(10): 2056 - 2064. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. A. Boreham, I. Ferreira, J. W. Twisk, A. M. Gallagher, M. J. Savage, and L. J. Murray Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Physical Activity, and Arterial Stiffness: The Northern Ireland Young Hearts Project Hypertension, November 1, 2004; 44(5): 721 - 726. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. P. Davy and J. E. Hall Obesity and hypertension: two epidemics or one? Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, May 1, 2004; 286(5): R803 - R813. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|