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(Hypertension. 2007;50:939.)
© 2007 American Heart Association, Inc.

Original Articles

Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor- Is Involved in the Control of Renin Gene Expression

Vladimir T. Todorov; Michael Desch; Nina Schmitt-Nilson; Anelia Todorova; Armin Kurtz

From the Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.

Correspondence to Vladimir T. Todorov, Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany. E-mail vladimir.todorov{at}vkl.uni-regensburg.de

Based on the presence of a functional retinoic acid receptor/retinoid X receptor transcription factor binding sequence (hormone-responsive element) in the renin gene enhancer and on the fact that the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) bind to DNA as heterodimers with retinoid X receptors, we speculated that PPARs are involved in the regulation of renin gene expression. To test this hypothesis, we used the human renin-producing cell line CaLu-6. Endogenous or pharmacological PPAR agonists (unsaturated fatty acids and thiazolidinediones, respectively) stimulated renin gene expression. Surprisingly, we found that PPAR targets a palindromic repeat with a 3-bp spacer (Pal3) in the proximal human renin promoter. Thus, renin is the first gene described with a functional Pal3 sequence. PPAR agonists also stimulated renin gene expression in cultured native juxtaglomerular cells, which are the main source of renin in vivo. In summary, PPAR was identified as a novel intracellular mediator involved in the upregulation of renin transcription.

Key Words: basic science • gene expression/regulation • hypertension (kidney), renin • cell signaling

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