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(Hypertension. 2007;50:945.)
© 2007 American Heart Association, Inc.

Original Articles

Absence of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor- Abolishes Hypertension and Attenuates Atherosclerosis in the Tsukuba Hypertensive Mouse

Karen M. Tordjman; Clay F. Semenkovich; Trey Coleman; Rachel Yudovich; Stella Bak; Etty Osher; Michal Vechoropoulos; Naftali Stern

From the Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension (K.M.T., R.Y., E.O., M.V., N.S.) and Department of Pathology and Cancer Research (S.B.), Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; and the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research (C.F.S., T.C.), Departments of Medicine, Cell Biology, and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo.

Correspondence to Karen M. Tordjman, Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizmann St, Tel Aviv 64239, Israel. E-mail karentor{at}tasmc.health.gov.il

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor- is widely distributed in the vasculature where it is believed to exert pleiotropic antiatherogenic effects. Its role in the regulation of blood pressure is still unresolved; however, some evidence suggests that it may affect the renin-angiotensin system. We investigated its role in angiotensin II–induced hypertension in the Tsukuba hypertensive mouse (THM). This is a model of hypertension and atherosclerosis because of high angiotensin II and aldosterone levels as a result of the transgenic expression of the entire human renin-angiotensin system. Making the THM animals deficient in Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor- (THM/PPARKO) totally abolished hypertension and myocardial hypertrophy. This was accompanied by a reduction in plasma human active renin in THM/PPARKO mice compared with THM animals from 3525±128 mU/L to 1910±750 mU/L (P<0.05) and by a normalization of serum aldosterone (1.6±0.29 nmol/L versus 3.4±0.69 nmol/L; P=0.003). In the THM/PPARKO mice, the extent of atherosclerosis at the aortic sinus after a 12-week period on an atherogenic diet was decreased by >80%. In addition, the spontaneous formation of foam cells from peritoneal macrophages, a blood pressure–independent event, was reduced by 92% in the THM/PPARKO mice, suggesting protection from the usual oxidative stress in these animals, possibly because of lower prevailing angiotensin II levels. Finally, chronic fenofibrate treatment further elevated blood pressure in THM animals but not in THM/PPARKO animals. Taken together, these data indicate that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor- may regulate the renin-angiotensin system. They raise the possibility that its activation may aggravate hypertension and hasten atherosclerosis in the context of an activated renin-angiotensin system.

Key Words: PPAR • renin • angiotensin • hypertension • atherosclerosis • transgenic mice

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