This Article Free upon publication Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: 51/4/1184    most recent HYPERTENSIONAHA.107.100750v1 Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Request Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Salazar, F. Articles by Salazar, F. J. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Salazar, F. Articles by Salazar, F. J. Pubmed/NCBI databases Compound via MeSH Substance via MeSH Medline Plus Health Information Dietary Sodium Related Collections ACE/Angiotension receptors Animal models of human disease Other hypertension Related Article

(Hypertension. 2008;51:1184.)
© 2008 American Heart Association, Inc.

Go Red Original Articles

Age- and Sodium-Sensitive Hypertension and Sex-Dependent Renal Changes in Rats With a Reduced Nephron Number

Francisco Salazar; Virginia Reverte; Fara Saez; Analia Loria; M. Teresa Llinas; F. Javier Salazar

From the Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Aging Institute, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.

Correspondence to F. Javier Salazar, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain. E-mail salazar{at}um.es

We have demonstrated that the reduction of angiotensin II effects during the nephrogenic period reduces the nephron number and induces the development of hypertension. The hypotheses examined are that this reduction of angiotensin effects leads to the development of an age-dependent sodium sensitive hypertension and that the hypertension is angiotensin II dependent. Newborn rats were treated with an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist during the first 2 weeks of age. At 3 to 4 and 11 to 12 months of age, changes in systolic blood pressure, proteinuria, and renal function in response to a prolonged high sodium intake were examined. The basal blood pressure response to the administration of the angiotensin II receptor antagonist was also evaluated at both ages. Basal blood pressure was similarly elevated (P<0.05) in male and female treated rats, and the increment was age dependent. High sodium intake only elicited a blood pressure elevation (136±1 to 154±3 mm Hg; P<0.05) and a decrease in glomerular filtration rate (28%; P<0.05) at 11 to 12 months in treated rats. Blockade of angiotensin II receptors during renal development induced an increase (P<0.05) in proteinuria that was age and sex dependent, but high sodium intake only induced an elevation in proteinuria in the younger rats (50%; P<0.05). Hypertension was maintained by angiotensin II at both ages because blood pressure decreased to normal levels after treatment with an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist. This study shows that the reduction of angiotensin II effects during the nephrogenic period modifies renal function and induces the development of an angiotensin II–dependent hypertension that becomes sodium sensitive during aging.

Key Words: angiotensin II • renal function • nephrogenesis • proteinuria

Related Article:

Sex, Salt, and Senescence: Sorting Out Mechanisms of the Developmental Origins of Hypertension

Jeffrey S. Gilbert
Hypertension 2008 51: 997-999. [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]

This article has been cited by other articles:

				P. W. Sanders Dietary Salt Intake, Salt Sensitivity, and Cardiovascular Health Hypertension, March 1, 2009; 53(3): 442 - 445. [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. Tang, L. C. Carey, J. Bi, N. Valego, X. Sun, P. Deibel, J. Perrott, J. P. Figueroa, M. C. Chappell, and J. C. Rose Gender differences in the effects of antenatal betamethasone exposure on renal function in adult sheep Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, February 1, 2009; 296(2): R309 - R317. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F. Saez, V. Reverte, F. Salazar, M. T. Castells, M. T. Llinas, and F. J. Salazar Hypertension and Sex Differences in the Age-Related Renal Changes When Cyclooxygenase-2 Activity Is Reduced During Nephrogenesis Hypertension, February 1, 2009; 53(2): 331 - 337. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. S. Gilbert and M. J. Nijland Sex differences in the developmental origins of hypertension and cardiorenal disease Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, December 1, 2008; 295(6): R1941 - R1952. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. S. Gilbert Sex, Salt, and Senescence: Sorting Out Mechanisms of the Developmental Origins of Hypertension Hypertension, April 1, 2008; 51(4): 997 - 999. [Full Text] [PDF]